| Cyrtocrinida | |
|---|---|
| |
| Holopus sp. | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Echinodermata |
| Class: | Crinoidea |
| Subclass: | Articulata |
| Order: | Cyrtocrinida Sieverts-Doreck, 1952[1] |
Cyrtocrinida is an order of sea lilies which contains two suborders and three families.
Characteristics
editMembers of this order have stems consisting of a single skeletal unit or a very small number of units. There are no cirri, and the expanded base of the stem attaches directly to the substrate. The calyx may be asymmetrical and consists of five arms attached to five radial ossicles. The arms subdivide at arm ossicle I or II.[2]
Extant species usually live at depths of several hundred meters, but Cyathidium plantei can be found at 200 m (700 ft) deep.[3] A stem in suborder Holopodina is absent. Instead they are attached directly onto the substrate by the base of their calyx.[4][5]
Families
editThe World Register of Marine Species includes the following groups in the order:[1]
- Suborder Cyrtocrinina
- Family Sclerocrinidae Jaekel, 1918
- Suborder Holopodina
- Family Eudesicrinidae Bather, 1899
- Family Holopodidae Zittel, 1879
References
edit- ^ a b Messing, Charles (2013). "Cyrtocrinida". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 13 March 2019.
- ^ O'Hara, Timothy; Byrne, Maria (2017). Australian Echinoderms: Biology, Ecology and Evolution. Csiro Publishing. pp. 191–192. ISBN 978-1-4863-0763-0.
- ^ Substrate type and palaeodepth do not affect the Middle Jurassic taxonomic diversity of crinoids
- ^ Morphogenesis and Evolution of Crinoids and Other Pelmatozoan Echinoderms in the Early Paleozoic
- ^ Growth, Injury, and Population Dynamics in the Extant Cyrtocrinid Holopus mikihe (Crinoidea, Echinodermata) near Roatan, Honduras
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