Dalam sistem notasi posisional, radiks atau basis adalah jumlah digit khas, termasuk digit nol, yang digunakan untuk mewakili angka. Contohnya, untuk sistem desimal (sistem bilangan yang paling umum digunakan sekarang), radiksnya sepuluh, karena menggunakan 10 digit berbeda dari 0 sampai 9.
Pada sistem numeral posisional standar apapun, sebuah angka secara konvensional ditulis sebagai (x)y dengan x sebagai untaian digit-digit dan y sebagai basisnya. Untuk basis-10, y umumnya diasumsikan dan dihilangkan (bersamaan dengan tanda kurungnya), karena menjadi cara paling umum untuk menyatakan nilai. Contohnya, (100)10 setara dengan 100 (sistem desimalnya adalah angka kecilnya), dan mewakili angka seratus, sementara (100)2 (dalam sistem bilangan biner dengan basis 2) mewakili angka empat.[1]
Tabel bilangan
sunting
Berikut adalah tabel bilangan dalam basis (dari kiri ke kanan) 10 (dicetak tebal), 2, 8, dan 16:
0โ15
| 10 |
2 |
8 |
16
|
| 0
|
00000000 |
000 |
00
|
| 1
|
00000001 |
001 |
01
|
| 2
|
00000010 |
002 |
02
|
| 3
|
00000011 |
003 |
03
|
| 4
|
00000100 |
004 |
04
|
| 5
|
00000101 |
005 |
05
|
| 6
|
00000110 |
006 |
06
|
| 7
|
00000111 |
007 |
07
|
| 8
|
00001000 |
010 |
08
|
| 9
|
00001001 |
011 |
09
|
| 10
|
00001010 |
012 |
0a
|
| 11
|
00001011 |
013 |
0b
|
| 12
|
00001100 |
014 |
0c
|
| 13
|
00001101 |
015 |
0d
|
| 14
|
00001110 |
016 |
0e
|
| 15
|
00001111 |
017 |
0f
|
16โ31
| 10 |
2 |
8 |
16
|
| 16
|
00010000 |
020 |
10
|
| 17
|
00010001 |
021 |
11
|
| 18
|
00010010 |
022 |
12
|
| 19
|
00010011 |
023 |
13
|
| 20
|
00010100 |
024 |
14
|
| 21
|
00010101 |
025 |
15
|
| 22
|
00010110 |
026 |
16
|
| 23
|
00010111 |
027 |
17
|
| 24
|
00011000 |
030 |
18
|
| 25
|
00011001 |
031 |
19
|
| 26
|
00011010 |
032 |
1a
|
| 27
|
00011011 |
033 |
1b
|
| 28
|
00011100 |
034 |
1c
|
| 29
|
00011101 |
035 |
1d
|
| 30
|
00011110 |
036 |
1e
|
| 31
|
00011111 |
037 |
1f
|
32โ47
| 10 |
2 |
8 |
16
|
| 32
|
00100000 |
040 |
20
|
| 33
|
00100001 |
041 |
21
|
| 34
|
00100010 |
042 |
22
|
| 35
|
00100011 |
043 |
23
|
| 36
|
00100100 |
044 |
24
|
| 37
|
00100101 |
045 |
25
|
| 38
|
00100110 |
046 |
26
|
| 39
|
00100111 |
047 |
27
|
| 40
|
00101000 |
050 |
28
|
| 41
|
00101001 |
051 |
29
|
| 42
|
00101010 |
052 |
2a
|
| 43
|
00101011 |
053 |
2b
|
| 44
|
00101100 |
054 |
2c
|
| 45
|
00101101 |
055 |
2d
|
| 46
|
00101110 |
056 |
2e
|
| 47
|
00101111 |
057 |
2f
|
48โ63
| 10 |
2 |
8 |
16
|
| 48
|
00110000 |
060 |
30
|
| 49
|
00110001 |
061 |
31
|
| 50
|
00110010 |
062 |
32
|
| 51
|
00110011 |
063 |
33
|
| 52
|
00110100 |
064 |
34
|
| 53
|
00110101 |
065 |
35
|
| 54
|
00110110 |
066 |
36
|
| 55
|
00110111 |
067 |
37
|
| 56
|
00111000 |
070 |
38
|
| 57
|
00111001 |
071 |
39
|
| 58
|
00111010 |
072 |
3a
|
| 59
|
00111011 |
073 |
3b
|
| 60
|
00111100 |
074 |
3c
|
| 61
|
00111101 |
075 |
3d
|
| 62
|
00111110 |
076 |
3e
|
| 63
|
00111111 |
077 |
3f
|
64โ79
| 10 |
2 |
8 |
16
|
| 64
|
01000000 |
100 |
40
|
| 65
|
01000001 |
101 |
41
|
| 66
|
01000010 |
102 |
42
|
| 67
|
01000011 |
103 |
43
|
| 68
|
01000100 |
104 |
44
|
| 69
|
01000101 |
105 |
45
|
| 70
|
01000110 |
106 |
46
|
| 71
|
01000111 |
107 |
47
|
| 72
|
01001000 |
110 |
48
|
| 73
|
01001001 |
111 |
49
|
| 74
|
01001010 |
112 |
4a
|
| 75
|
01001011 |
113 |
4b
|
| 76
|
01001100 |
114 |
4c
|
| 77
|
01001101 |
115 |
4d
|
| 78
|
01001110 |
116 |
4e
|
| 79
|
01001111 |
117 |
4f
|
80โ95
| 10 |
2 |
8 |
16
|
| 80
|
01010000 |
120 |
50
|
| 81
|
01010001 |
121 |
51
|
| 82
|
01010010 |
122 |
52
|
| 83
|
01010011 |
123 |
53
|
| 84
|
01010100 |
124 |
54
|
| 85
|
01010101 |
125 |
55
|
| 86
|
01010110 |
126 |
56
|
| 87
|
01010111 |
127 |
57
|
| 88
|
01011000 |
130 |
58
|
| 89
|
01011001 |
131 |
59
|
| 90
|
01011010 |
132 |
5a
|
| 91
|
01011011 |
133 |
5b
|
| 92
|
01011100 |
134 |
5c
|
| 93
|
01011101 |
135 |
5d
|
| 94
|
01011110 |
136 |
5e
|
| 95
|
01011111 |
137 |
5f
|
96โ111
| 10 |
2 |
8 |
16
|
| 96
|
01100000 |
140 |
60
|
| 97
|
01100001 |
141 |
61
|
| 98
|
01100010 |
142 |
62
|
| 99
|
01100011 |
143 |
63
|
| 100
|
01100100 |
144 |
64
|
| 101
|
01100101 |
145 |
65
|
| 102
|
01100110 |
146 |
66
|
| 103
|
01100111 |
147 |
67
|
| 104
|
01101000 |
150 |
68
|
| 105
|
01101001 |
151 |
69
|
| 106
|
01101010 |
152 |
6a
|
| 107
|
01101011 |
153 |
6b
|
| 108
|
01101100 |
154 |
6c
|
| 109
|
01101101 |
155 |
6d
|
| 110
|
01101110 |
156 |
6e
|
| 111
|
01101111 |
157 |
6f
|
112โ127
| 10 |
2 |
8 |
16
|
| 112
|
01110000 |
160 |
70
|
| 113
|
01110001 |
161 |
71
|
| 114
|
01110010 |
162 |
72
|
| 115
|
01110011 |
163 |
73
|
| 116
|
01110100 |
164 |
74
|
| 117
|
01110101 |
165 |
75
|
| 118
|
01110110 |
166 |
76
|
| 119
|
01110111 |
167 |
77
|
| 120
|
01111000 |
170 |
78
|
| 121
|
01111001 |
171 |
79
|
| 122
|
01111010 |
172 |
7a
|
| 123
|
01111011 |
173 |
7b
|
| 124
|
01111100 |
174 |
7c
|
| 125
|
01111101 |
175 |
7d
|
| 126
|
01111110 |
176 |
7e
|
| 127
|
01111111 |
177 |
7f
|
128โ143
| 10 |
2 |
8 |
16
|
| 128
|
10000000 |
200 |
80
|
| 129
|
10000001 |
201 |
81
|
| 130
|
10000010 |
202 |
82
|
| 131
|
10000011 |
203 |
83
|
| 132
|
10000100 |
204 |
84
|
| 133
|
10000101 |
205 |
85
|
| 134
|
10000110 |
206 |
86
|
| 135
|
10000111 |
207 |
87
|
| 136
|
10001000 |
210 |
88
|
| 137
|
10001001 |
211 |
89
|
| 138
|
10001010 |
212 |
8a
|
| 139
|
10001011 |
213 |
8b
|
| 140
|
10001100 |
214 |
8c
|
| 141
|
10001101 |
215 |
8d
|
| 142
|
10001110 |
216 |
8e
|
| 143
|
10001111 |
217 |
8f
|
144โ159
| 10 |
2 |
8 |
16
|
| 144
|
10010000 |
220 |
90
|
| 145
|
10010001 |
221 |
91
|
| 146
|
10010010 |
222 |
92
|
| 147
|
10010011 |
223 |
93
|
| 148
|
10010100 |
224 |
94
|
| 149
|
10010101 |
225 |
95
|
| 150
|
10010110 |
226 |
96
|
| 151
|
10010111 |
227 |
97
|
| 152
|
10011000 |
230 |
98
|
| 153
|
10011001 |
231 |
99
|
| 154
|
10011010 |
232 |
9a
|
| 155
|
10011011 |
233 |
9b
|
| 156
|
10011100 |
234 |
9c
|
| 157
|
10011101 |
235 |
9d
|
| 158
|
10011110 |
236 |
9e
|
| 159
|
10011111 |
237 |
9f
|
160โ175
| 10 |
2 |
8 |
16
|
| 160
|
10100000 |
240 |
a0
|
| 161
|
10100001 |
241 |
a1
|
| 162
|
10100010 |
242 |
a2
|
| 163
|
10100011 |
243 |
a3
|
| 164
|
10100100 |
244 |
a4
|
| 165
|
10100101 |
245 |
a5
|
| 166
|
10100110 |
246 |
a6
|
| 167
|
10100111 |
247 |
a7
|
| 168
|
10101000 |
250 |
a8
|
| 169
|
10101001 |
251 |
a9
|
| 170
|
10101010 |
252 |
aa
|
| 171
|
10101011 |
253 |
ab
|
| 172
|
10101100 |
254 |
ac
|
| 173
|
10101101 |
255 |
ad
|
| 174
|
10101110 |
256 |
ae
|
| 175
|
10101111 |
257 |
af
|
176โ191
| 10 |
2 |
8 |
16
|
| 176
|
10110000 |
260 |
b0
|
| 177
|
10110001 |
261 |
b1
|
| 178
|
10110010 |
262 |
b2
|
| 179
|
10110011 |
263 |
b3
|
| 180
|
10110100 |
264 |
b4
|
| 181
|
10110101 |
265 |
b5
|
| 182
|
10110110 |
266 |
b6
|
| 183
|
10110111 |
267 |
b7
|
| 184
|
10111000 |
270 |
b8
|
| 185
|
10111001 |
271 |
b9
|
| 186
|
10111010 |
272 |
ba
|
| 187
|
10111011 |
273 |
bb
|
| 188
|
10111100 |
274 |
bc
|
| 189
|
10111101 |
275 |
bd
|
| 190
|
10111110 |
276 |
be
|
| 191
|
10111111 |
277 |
bf
|
192โ207
| 10 |
2 |
8 |
16
|
| 192
|
11000000 |
300 |
c0
|
| 193
|
11000001 |
301 |
c1
|
| 194
|
11000010 |
302 |
c2
|
| 195
|
11000011 |
303 |
c3
|
| 196
|
11000100 |
304 |
c4
|
| 197
|
11000101 |
305 |
c5
|
| 198
|
11000110 |
306 |
c6
|
| 199
|
11000111 |
307 |
c7
|
| 200
|
11001000 |
310 |
c8
|
| 201
|
11001001 |
311 |
c9
|
| 202
|
11001010 |
312 |
ca
|
| 203
|
11001011 |
313 |
cb
|
| 204
|
11001100 |
314 |
cc
|
| 205
|
11001101 |
315 |
cd
|
| 206
|
11001110 |
316 |
ce
|
| 207
|
11001111 |
317 |
cf
|
208โ223
| 10 |
2 |
8 |
16
|
| 208
|
11010000 |
320 |
d0
|
| 209
|
11010001 |
321 |
d1
|
| 210
|
11010010 |
322 |
d2
|
| 211
|
11010011 |
323 |
d3
|
| 212
|
11010100 |
324 |
d4
|
| 213
|
11010101 |
325 |
d5
|
| 214
|
11010110 |
326 |
d6
|
| 215
|
11010111 |
327 |
d7
|
| 216
|
11011000 |
330 |
d8
|
| 217
|
11011001 |
331 |
d9
|
| 218
|
11011010 |
332 |
da
|
| 219
|
11011011 |
333 |
db
|
| 220
|
11011100 |
334 |
dc
|
| 221
|
11011101 |
335 |
dd
|
| 222
|
11011110 |
336 |
de
|
| 223
|
11011111 |
337 |
df
|
224โ239
| 10 |
2 |
8 |
16
|
| 224
|
11100000 |
340 |
e0
|
| 225
|
11100001 |
341 |
e1
|
| 226
|
11100010 |
342 |
e2
|
| 227
|
11100011 |
343 |
e3
|
| 228
|
11100100 |
344 |
e4
|
| 229
|
11100101 |
345 |
e5
|
| 230
|
11100110 |
346 |
e6
|
| 231
|
11100111 |
347 |
e7
|
| 232
|
11101000 |
350 |
e8
|
| 233
|
11101001 |
351 |
e9
|
| 234
|
11101010 |
352 |
ea
|
| 235
|
11101011 |
353 |
eb
|
| 236
|
11101100 |
354 |
ec
|
| 237
|
11101101 |
355 |
ed
|
| 238
|
11101110 |
356 |
ee
|
| 239
|
11101111 |
357 |
ef
|
240โ255
| 10 |
2 |
8 |
16
|
| 240
|
11110000 |
360 |
f0
|
| 241
|
11110001 |
361 |
f1
|
| 242
|
11110010 |
362 |
f2
|
| 243
|
11110011 |
363 |
f3
|
| 244
|
11110100 |
364 |
f4
|
| 245
|
11110101 |
365 |
f5
|
| 246
|
11110110 |
366 |
f6
|
| 247
|
11110111 |
367 |
f7
|
| 248
|
11111000 |
370 |
f8
|
| 249
|
11111001 |
371 |
f9
|
| 250
|
11111010 |
372 |
fa
|
| 251
|
11111011 |
373 |
fb
|
| 252
|
11111100 |
374 |
fc
|
| 253
|
11111101 |
375 |
fd
|
| 254
|
11111110 |
376 |
fe
|
| 255
|
11111111 |
377 |
ff
|
Referensi
sunting
- ^ Mano, M. Morris; Kime, Charles (2014). Logic and Computer Design Fundamentals (Edisi 4th). Harlow: Pearson. hlm.ย 13โ14. ISBNย 978-1-292-02468-4.
Bacaan lanjut
sunting