Slobozhan or Sloboda Ukrainian dialect (Ukrainian: Слобожанський говір), also known as Donets dialect (Ukrainian: Наддонецький говір)[1] is a dialect of Ukrainian language spoken in the historical region of Sloboda Ukraine. It formed as a result of interaction between speakers of Middle Dnieprian, Eastern Polesian and Podolian dialects of Ukrainian, as well Southern Russian dialects, during the settlement of the area in the 16-17th centuries. Slobozhan dialect is classified among Southeastern Ukrainian dialects.[2]
Features
editPhonetics
editSlobozhan dialect is characterized by a frequent presence of palatalized [t͡ʃ] (очьима, нечьиста). Like in other Southeastern dialects, і and у may be replaced with й and в respectively. Consonants before [i]<[o],[e],[ě] may be palatalized or non-palatalized. Word-final phonemes [t͡s], [t], [r] are palatalized, but labial consonants [p], [b], [v], [m], [f] never undergo palatalization in final position. There is no distinction between unstressed vowels [e] and [ɪ], sometimes also between [o] and [u].[1]
Morphology
editInfinitive verbs frequently end with -ть. Both simple and complex future forms exist (буду ходити, ходитиму). 3rd person singular verbs may take the form (він) хóде, рóбе; 1st person singular verbs - ходьу, мусьу; shortened forms of 3rd person verbs (він) пита, потопа.[1]
Grammar
editAlong with Poltava subdialect, Slobozhan is known to use dual number.[1]
Vocabulary
editThe dialect's vocabulary is significantly influenced by the Russian language.[1]
Examples
edit| Slobozhan | Standard Ukrainian | English |
|---|---|---|
| лівуша, лівшак (livúsha, livshák) | лівша, шульга (livshá, shulhá) | left-handed person |
| глушпей, глушпет (hlushpéy, hlushpét) | глухий (hlukhýi) | deaf person |
| огуд (ohúd) | огудиння (ohudýnnya) | stalk (plant stem) |
| ламанка (lámanka) | бительня (bytél'nya) | a piece of equipment used for breaking of flax or hemp fibers |
| кобушка (kobúshka) | глечик (hléchyk) | a clay jug |
| рига (rýha) | клуня (klúnya) | barn |
| хобіття (khobíttya) | полова (polóva) | chaff (waste) |
| степ, неудобиця (step, neudóbytsia) | цілина (tsilyná) | virgin soil |
| кобець, рябець (kóbets', ryábets') | яструб (yástrub) | sparrowhawk |
| відволож (vídvolozh) | відлига (vidlyha) | thaw |
| сіверко (síverko) | холодно (khólodno) | cold (about weather) |
| половіддя (polovíddya) | повінь (póvin') | flood |
| накидка, настільник (nakýdka, nastíl'nyk) | скатерка, скатертина (skáterka, skatertýna) | tablecloth |
| звід (zvid) | журавель (zhuravél') | shadoof |
| халаш (khálash) | повітка, сарай (povítka, saray) | shed (building)[2] |
External links
edit- A sample of Slobozhan Dialect from the border area of Poltava and Kharkiv Oblasts
