The Bebryces (Greek: Βέβρυκες) were a tribe of people who lived in Bithynia. According to Strabo they were one of the many Thracian tribes that had crossed from Europe into Asia,[1] although modern scholars have rather argued for a Celtic origin.[2][3]
Name
editClassical linguists considered the name of Bebryces related to the Thracian Bryges, who were later renamed Phryges (Phrygians),[4][5] based on the geographic proximity, as well as the migration route of the Phrygians known from ancient myths.[6][7]
B. Sergent suggests that the name Bebryces could be related to the Celtic tribes Bebruces, living in the Pyrenees, and Bibroci, dwelling in Britain,[8] all ultimately stemming from Proto-Celtic *brebu ('beaver'; see Gaulish bebros, bebrus, Old Irish Bibar, 'beaver').[2][9] Ivan Duridanov also suggested that the ethnonym was related to Indo-European words meaning "beaver".[10]
The same word denotes beaver in Slavic Languages (*bebrus in Proto-Balto-Slavic, bober in Slovenian, bobar in Bulgarian, bobr in Russian).[11][12]
Mythology
editAccording to legend they were defeated by Heracles or the Dioscuri,[13] who killed their king, Mygdon or Amycus.[13] Their land was then given to King Lycus of the Mariandynians, who built the city Heraclea there. Some say Amycus was a brother of Mygdon and another Bebrycian king; both were sons of Poseidon and Melia. Greek mythology offers two different accounts for the origin of the name 'Bebryces': either from a woman named Bebryce (Eustath. ad Dionysius Periegetes 805.), or from a hero named Bebryx (or Bebrycus) (Steph. Byz. s.v. Bebrycus). Bebryce is possibly the same as Bryce, a daughter of Danaus, a mythical King of Libya and Arabia (Apollodorus). Bebryx was also the father of Pyrene.
Notes
edit- ^ Strabo, 7.3.2.
- ^ a b Sergent 1988, pp. 345–350.
- ^ Delamarre 2003, p. 69: "B. Sergent a démontré de façon convaincante (REA 40 [1988], 329-358) que les Bebrukes d'Anatolie étaient un peuple celtique et non pas thrace"
- ^ "Strabo, Geography § 7.3.2". Archived from the original on 2024-04-23. Retrieved 2024-04-24.
- ^ Pliny the Elder, The Natural History § 5.41
- ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854), PACATIANA, PHRY´GIA
- ^ Bithyni / Bryges / Bebryces Thracian Tribe — Phrygians (jan 2, 3000 BC — jan 1, 690 BC) (Timeline)
- ^ Sergent 1988, p. 346.
- ^ Matasović 2009, p. 59.
- ^ Duridanov, Ivan (1985). Die Sprache der Thraker. Bulgarische Sammlung (in German). Vol. 5. Hieronymus Verlag. p. 67. ISBN 3-88893-031-6.
- ^ Czech Etymological Dictionary
- ^ Romanian Etymologial Dictionary
- ^ a b Apollonius of Rhodes[full citation needed]
References
edit- Delamarre, Xavier (2003). Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: Une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental (in French). Errance. ISBN 9782877723695.
- Matasović, Ranko (2009). Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic. Brill. ISBN 9789004173361.
- Sergent, Bernard (1988). "Les premiers Celtes d'Anatolie". Revue des Études Anciennes. 90 (3): 329–358. doi:10.3406/rea.1988.4340.
- Strabo, The Geography of Strabo. Edition by H.L. Jones. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1924. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Strabo, Geographica edited by A. Meineke. Leipzig: Teubner. 1877. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
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