Benjamin Constant | |
|---|---|
| Anggota Dewan Perwakilan | |
| Masa jabatan 14 April 1819ย โ 8 Desember 1830 | |
| Daerah pemilihan | Sarthe (1819โ24) Seine ke-4 (1824โ27) Bas-Rhin ke-1 (1827โ30) |
| Anggota Dewan Negara | |
| Masa jabatan 20 April 1815ย โ 8 Juli 1815 | |
| Ditunjuk oleh | Napoleon I |
| Anggota Tribunat | |
| Masa jabatan 25 Desember 1799ย โ 27 Maret 1802 | |
| Daerah pemilihan | Lรฉman |
| Informasi pribadi | |
| Lahir | Henri-Benjamin Constant de Rebecque 25 Oktober 1767 Lausanne, Konfederasi Swiss |
| Meninggal | 8 Desember 1830 (umurย 63) Paris, Prancis |
| Kebangsaan | Prancis Swiss |
| Partai politik | Republik (1799โ1802) Kiri Liberal (1819โ24) Liberal-Doctrinaire (1824โ30) |
| Suami/istri | Wilhelmine von Cramm
โ โ (m.ย 1789; c.ย 1795)Charlotte von Hardenberg
โ โ (m.ย 1808; meninggalย 1830) |
| Almamater | Universitas Edinburgh Universitas Erlangen |
| Profesi | |
| Karier penulis | |
| Periode | Abad ke-18 dan 19 |
| Genre | Syair, novel |
| Subjek | Kebebasan, psikologi, cinta |
| Gerakan | Romantisisme, liberalisme klasik[1] |
| Tahun aktif | 1796โ1830 |
| Karya terkenal |
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Henri-Benjamin Constant de Rebecque (bahasa Prancis:ย [kษฬstษฬ]; 25 Oktober 1767ย โย 8 Desember 1830), atau Benjamin Constant, adalah aktivis politik Swiss-Prancis sekaligus penulis di bidang politik dan agama. Ia menulis novel psikologis-biografi berjudul Adolphe. Ia merupakan sosok liberal yang lantang[2] pada awal abad ke-19. Tulisan-tulisannya memengaruhi gerakan Liberal Trienio di Spanyol, Revolusi Liberal 1820 di Portugal, Perang Kemerdekaan Yunani, Pemberontakan November di Polandia, Revolusi Belgia, dan liberalisme di Brasil dan Meksiko.
Latar belakang
suntingHenri-Benjamin Constant lahir di Lausanne dari keluarga Constant de Rebecque. Pada tahun 1787, ia kembali ke benua Eropa, dengan melakukan perjalanan menggunakan kuda melalui Skotlandia dan Inggris. Di Paris, di rumah Jean-Baptiste-Antoine Suard ia berkenalan dengan Isabelle de Charriรจre, seorang wanita Belanda berusia 46 tahun, yang kemudian membantu menerbitkan Pengakuan Rousseau.
Karya
sunting- De la Force du Gouvernement actuel et De la Necessite de s'y rallier (1796)
- Des reactions politiques (1797)
- Des effets de la terreur (1797)
- Fragments d'un ouvrage abandonnรฉ sur la possibilitรฉ d'une constitution rรฉpublicaine dans un grand pays (1803โ1810)
- Principes de Politique Applicables a Tous les Gouvernements (1806โ1810)
- Cรฉcile (1811, 1st publ. 1951)
- De l'esprit de conquรชte et d'usurpation dans leurs rapports avec la civilisation actuelle (1815) (kritik terhadap Napoleon Bonaparte)
- Adolphe (novel)
- De la religion considรฉrรฉe dans sa source, ses formes et son dรฉveloppement (5 volume, 1824โ1831; tentang agama kuno)
Lihat pula
suntingReferensi
sunting- ^ Ralph Raico, Classical Liberalism and the Austrian School, Ludwig von Mises Institute, 2012, p. 222.
- ^ Craiutu, A. (2012) A Virtue for Courageous Minds: Moderation in French Political Thought, 1748โ1830, pp. 199, 202โ03
Bacaan lanjutan
sunting- Gauchet, Marcel. "Constant," in A Critical Dictionary of the French Revolution, ed. Franรงois Furet and Mona Ozouf (1989), p.ย 924.
- Rosenblatt, H. "Why Constant? A Critical Overview of the Constant Revival", Cambridge Journals (2004)
- Furet, F. (1981). "La Rรฉvolution sans la Terreur? Le dรฉbat des historiens du XIXe siรจcle", in Le Dรฉbat pp.ย 13, 41.
- Vincent, K. Steven. 'Benjamin Constant, the French Revolution, and the Origins of French Romantic Liberalism', in French Historical Studies; 23:4 (2000 Fall), pp.ย 607โ37 in Project MUSE
- Wood, Dennis. Benjamin Constant: A Biography (1993).
- Gossman, Lionel (May 2004). "Between Passion and Irony: Benjamin Constant's Liberal Balancing Act" (PDF).
- A. Pitt, 'The Religion of the Moderns: Freedom and Authenticity in Constant's De la Religion', in History of Political Thought; xxi, 1 (2000), 67โ87.
- "Principles of Politics Applicable to all Representative Governments", Constant: Political Writings (Cambridge Texts in the History of Political Thought) โ Biancamaria Fontana (Trans & Ed.) Cambridge, 1988.
- Mauro Barberis, Benjamin Constant. Rivoluzione, costituzione, progresso (1988. Il Mulino, Bologna)
- Paul Bastid, Benjamin Constant et sa doctrine, IโII (1966. Colin, Paris)
- Catrine Carpenter, 'Benjamin Constant's religious politics', in History of European Ideas; 35,4 (2009), 503โ09.
- Pierre Deguise, Benjamin Constant mรฉconnu. Le livre De la religion, avec des documents inรฉdits (1966. Droz, Genรจve)
- Stefano De Luca, Il pensiero politico di Benjamin Constant (1993. Laterza, Roma-Bari)
- Bรฉatrice Fink (dir.), Benjamin Constantย : philosophe, historien, romancier et homme d'รtat (actes du colloque de l'universitรฉ du Maryland, octobre 1989), Lausanne, Institut Benjamin Constantย ; Paris, J. Touzot, 1991, 186 p.
- Biancamaria Fontana, Benjamin Constant and the Post-Revolutionary Mind (1991. Yale U.P., New Haven โ London)
- Luca Fezzi, Il rimpianto di Roma. 'Res publica', libertร 'neoromane' e Benjamin Constant, agli inizi del terzo millennio (2012, Firenze, Le Monnier)
- Gauchet, Marcel. "Constant," in A Critical Dictionary of the French Revolution, ed. Franรงois Furet and Mona Ozouf (1989), 924
- Henri Guillemin, Benjamin Constant, muscadin, Paris, Gallimard, 1958
- Kurt Kloocke, Benjamin Constant. Une biographie intellectuelle (1984. Droz, Genรจve)
- Giovanni Paoletti, Benjamin Constant et les Anciens. Politique, rรฉligion, histoire (2006. Champion, Paris)
- Helena Rosenblatt, 'Eclipses and Revivals: Constant's Reception in France and America (1830โ2007)', in The Cambridge Companion to Constant, ed. H. Rosenblatt (2009. University Press, Cambridge), pp.ย 351โ77.
- Gustave Rudler, La jeunesse de Benjamin Constant, 1767โ1794. Le disciple du XVIIIe siรจcle. Utilitarisme et pessimisme. Madame de Charriรจre. Paris, A. Colin, 1909. 542 p.
- Tzvetan Todorov, Benjamin Constant: la passion democratique (1997. Hachette, Paris)
- Vincent, K. Steven, "Benjamin Constant and the Birth of French Liberalism" (2011).
- Vincent, K. Steven (2013). "The Liberalism of Sismondi and Constant". The European Legacy. 18 (7): 912โ916. doi:10.1080/10848770.2013.839497.
- Dennis Wood, Benjamin Constant: A Biography (1993).
- David Cecil, 'Adolphe', in David Cecil, Poets And Story-Tellers A Book of Critical Essays (1949), pp.ย 139โ52
- Hart, David (2008). "Constant, Benjamin (1767โ1830)". Dalam Hamowy, Ronald (ed.). The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE; Cato Institute. hlm.ย 97โ98. doi:10.4135/9781412965811.n63. ISBNย 978-1-4129-6580-4. LCCNย 2008009151. OCLCย 750831024.
Pranala luar
sunting
ย . Encyclopรฆdia Britannica. Vol.ย 6 (Edisi 11). 1911. - Publikasi oleh dan mengenai Benjamin Constant dalam katalog Helveticat di Perpustakaan Nasional Swiss
- Karya Benjamin Constant di Project Gutenberg
- Karya oleh/tentang Benjamin Constant di Internet Archive (pencarian dioptimalkan untuk situs non-Beta)
- Institut Benjamin Constant homepage
- Rebecq liberal
- Intellectual portrait of B. C. by Emile Faguet (in French)
- The Liberty of the Ancients Compared with that of the Moderns (1816)
- Principles of Politics Applicable to All Governments
- Lecture on ancient and modern liberty contains a readable version for contemporary students
- (Inggris) Benjamin Constant Original name: Benjamin Henri Constant de Rebecque di Find a Grave

