Gerakan Tea Party (bahasa Inggris: Tea Party movements) adalah sebuah pergerakan politik yang populis,[1] konservatif/libertarian [2][3] di Amerika Serikat yang muncul pada tahun 2009 melalui rangkaian protes lokal maupun nasional.[4][5][6] Protes tersebut sebagian merespon beberapa undang-undang federal: UU Stabilitas Ekonomi Darurat 2008,[7] Undang-Undang Pemulihan dan Reinvestasi Amerika 2009,[8][9] serta rangkaian rancangan undang-undang pelayanan kesehatan.[10]
Nama Tea Party merujuk pada Boston Tea Party, sebuah insiden yang terjadi pada tahun 1773 dimana para koloni merusak teh Britania daripada membayar pajak yang mana mereka anggap melanggar hak "tiada pajak tanpa perwakilan" [11] Hingga tahun 2010, gerakan ini bukanlah partai politik nasional, tidak mencalonkan kandidat pada Kongres, serta namanya tidak tertera dalam surat suara pemilihan umum.[12]
Menurut Scott Rasmussen, dana talangan yang dikeluarkan oleh pemerintahan George W. Bush dan Barack Obama memicu meningkatnya gerakan Tea Party. Pewawancara juga menambahkan bahwa kemarahan pemrotes ini berpusat pada dua isu, mengutip pernyataan Rasmussen, "Mereka pikir bahwa belanja pemerintah federal, defisit dan pajak terlalu tinggi, dan mereka pikir bahwa tak seorangpun di Washington mendengarkan mereka, dan (pernyataan) yang terakhir itu adalah sangat sangat penting."[13] Gerakan ini tidak memiliki kepemimpinan pusat tetapi memiliki afiliasi yang longgar pada kelompok kecil di tingkat lokal.[14] Perhatian utama gerakan ini meliputi, tetapi tidak terbatas pada, mengurangi ukuran pemerintah,[15] menurunkan pajak,[16] mengurangi pemborosan,[16] mengurangi utang nasional dan defisit anggaran federal,[15] serta memenuhi Konstitusi Amerika Serikat.[17]
Tokoh
sunting- Justin Amash
- Dick Armey
- Michele Bachmann
- Glenn Beck
- Matt Bevin
- Herman Cain
- Keli Carender
- Ted Cruz
- Jim DeMint
- Karl Denninger
- Matt Gaetz
- Trey Gowdy
- Sean Hannity
- Matt Kibbe
- Charles Koch
- David Koch
- Amy Kremer
- Mark Levin
- Rush Limbaugh
- Mark Meckler
- Sarah Palin
- Dan Patrick
- Rand Paul
- Ron Paul
- Rick Santelli
- Joe Walsh
- Allen West
Catatan
sunting- ^ What's Behind The New Populism? Diarsipkan 2021-10-26 di Wayback Machine. NPR, February 5, 2010
- ^ Dick Morris, "The New Republican Right," Diarsipkan 2021-10-30 di Wayback Machine. TheHill.com October 19, 2010
- ^ See following for information on Tea Party Movement Conservatism:
- Tea party, religious right often overlap, poll shows Diarsipkan 2020-02-19 di Wayback Machine. Washington Post, October 5, 2010
- Sarah Palin's 'mamas': more grisly than grizzly Diarsipkan 2011-08-20 di Wayback Machine. The Guardian, October 25, 2010
- ^ Servatius, David (March 6, 2009). "Anti-tax-and-spend group throws "tea party" at Capitol". Deseret News. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2009-06-13. Diakses tanggal June 16, 2009.
- ^ "Anger Management". The Economist. March 5, 2009. Diarsipkan dari asli (Paid subscription required) tanggal 2009-05-10. Diakses tanggal April 25, 2010.
- ^ Tapscott, Mark (March 19, 2009). "Tea parties are flash crowds Obama should fear". The San Francisco Examiner. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2009-04-19. Diakses tanggal June 16, 2009.
- ^ Barnes, Tom (March 8, 2009). "Harrisburg Tea Party protests ongoing bailout". Local/State. Post-Gazette.com. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2009-03-28. Diakses tanggal April 9, 2010.
- ^ Ferrara, Peter (April 15, 2009). "The Tea Party Revolution". The American Spectator. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2009-04-20. Diakses tanggal June 18, 2009.
- ^ Seleny, Jeff (September 12, 2009). "Thousands Rally in Capital to Protest Big Government". New York Times. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2010-07-30. Diakses tanggal September 28, 2009.
- ^ Evan McMorris-Santoro,"The Town Hall Dog That Didn't Bite" Diarsipkan 2010-04-08 di Wayback Machine., Talking Points Memo, DC, April 5, 2010.
- ^ Lepore, Jill (2010). The Whites of Their Eyes: The Tea Party's Revolution and the Battle over American History. Princeton University Press. hlm. 77–79. ISBN 978-0691150277.
- ^ Rasmussen, Scott; Schoen, Doug (2010). Mad As Hell: How the Tea Party Movement Is Fundamentally Remaking Our Two-Party System. HarperCollins. hlm. 12. ISBN 9780061995231.
- ^ Dan Weil, "Rasmussen: Tea Party Shows Weakness of GOP Establishment," Diarsipkan 2023-06-03 di Wayback Machine. Newsmax.com, September 18, 2010
- ^ 'Tea party' movement faces challenge of having no single leader, goal Diarsipkan 2018-09-06 di Wayback Machine. Washington Post, September 21, 2010
- ^ a b Gallup: Tea Party’s top concerns are debt, size of government Diarsipkan 2011-06-29 di Wayback Machine. The Hill, July 5, 2010
- ^ a b Tea Party DC March: “Lower Taxes and Less Spending” Diarsipkan 2010-09-16 di Wayback Machine. Fiscal Times, September 12, 2010
- ^ Liptak, Mark (March 13, 2010). "Tea-ing Up the Constitution". Week in Review. Washington, D.C.: The New York Times. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2021-10-28. Diakses tanggal October 31, 2010.
It is, of course, hard to say anything definitive about the Tea Party movement, a loose confederation of groups with no central leadership. But if there is a central theme to its understanding of the Constitution, it is that the nation's founders knew what they were doing and that their work must be protected.
Referensi
sunting- Rasmussen, Scott; Schoen, Doug (2010). Mad As Hell: How the Tea Party Movement Is Fundamentally Remaking Our Two-Party System. Harper. ISBN 978-0061995231.
Bacaan lebih lanjut
sunting- O'Hara, John M. (2010). A New American Tea Party: The Counterrevolution Against Bailouts, Handouts, Reckless Spending, and More Taxes. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons. hlm. 336. ISBN 978-0470567982.
- Zernike, Kate (2010). Boiling Mad: Inside Tea Party America. Times Books. ISBN 978-0805093483.
- Taibbe, Matt (2010). The Great Derangement: A Terrifying True Story of War, Politics, and Religion. Spiegel & Grau. ISBN 978-0385520348.
- Pierce, Charles (2010). Idiot America: How Stupidity Became a Virtue in the Land of the Free. Anchor. ISBN 978-0767926157.
- Avlon, John (2010). Wingnuts: How the Lunatic Fringe is Hijacking America. Beast Books. ISBN 978-0984295111. Lyons Tea Party
Pranala luar
sunting
- Collected news and coverage Diarsipkan 2013-11-12 di Wayback Machine. at The New York Times
- Collected news and coverage Diarsipkan 2013-06-25 di Wayback Machine. at The Guardian
- Collected news and coverage Diarsipkan 2021-03-23 di Wayback Machine. at CNN
- Tea Party Movement Diarsipkan 2023-06-03 di Wayback Machine. at History News Network at George Mason University
- Tea Party Movement Diarsipkan 2022-09-28 di Wayback Machine. at SourceWatch
- Heroes of the Tea Party Diarsipkan 2010-10-09 di Wayback Machine. – slideshow by Life magazine
