| Cornulitida Temporal range: | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Cornulitid on a brachiopod valve (Upper Ordovician, SE Indiana) | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Class: | โ Tentaculita |
| Order: | โ Cornulitida Boucek, 1964 |
| Genera | |
Cornulitida is an extinct order of encrusting animals from class Tentaculita, which were common around the globe in the Ordovician to Devonian oceans, and survived until the Carboniferous.[1][2][3] Organisms that may be the oldest cornulitids have been found in Cambrian sediments of Jordan.[4]
Cornulitids had shells, and were subject to predation by boring and other means from the Ordovician onwards. Many survived attacks by predators.[1] Several cornulitids were endobiotic symbionts in the stromatoporoids and tabulates.[5][6][7]
Their affinity is unknown; they have been placed in many phyla, and have been considered worms, corals, molluscs and more.[1] They appear to be closely related to other taxa of uncertain affinity, including the microconchids, trypanoporids and tentaculitids.[1]
Gallery
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Cornulitids on a bryozoan; Bellevue Member, Grant Lake Formation, northern Kentucky
Conchicolites sp. overview of the rings with spines, Lilla Karlsรถ, Sweden
Septalites septatus from the Silurian of Gotland
Cornulites cellulosus from Wenlock of Saaremaa, Estonia
References
edit- ^ a b c d e Vinn, O. (2009). "Attempted predation on Early Paleozoic cornulitids". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 273 (1โ2): 87โ91. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2008.12.004. Retrieved 2014-06-11.
- ^ Vinn, O (2013). "Cornulitid tubeworms from the Ordovician of eastern Baltic". Carnets de Gรฉologie: 131โ138. doi:10.4267/2042/51214. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2024-01-31.
- ^ Vinn, O; Wilson, M.A. (2013). "Silurian cornulitids of Estonia (Baltica)". Carnets de Gรฉologie: 357โ368. doi:10.4267/2042/53034. Archived from the original on 2013-12-27.
- ^ Olaf Elicki (January 2011). "First skeletal microfauna from the Cambrian Series 3 of the Jordan Rift Valley (Middle East)". Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists. 42 (42): 153-173.
- ^ Vinn, O.; Mรตtus, M.-A. (2008). "The earliest endosymbiotic mineralized tubeworms from the Silurian of Podolia, Ukraine". Journal of Paleontology. 82 (2): 409โ414. doi:10.1666/07-056.1. S2CIDย 131651974. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2024-01-31.
- ^ Vinn, O.; Wilson, M.A. (2010). "Endosymbiotic Cornulites in the Sheinwoodian (Early Silurian) stromatoporoids of Saaremaa, Estonia". Neues Jahrbuch fรผr Geologie und Palรคontologie, Abhandlungen. 257: 13โ22. doi:10.1127/0077-7749/2010/0048. Archived from the original on 2023-11-06. Retrieved 2024-01-31.
- ^ Vinn, O.; Mรตtus, M.-A. (2012). "Diverse early endobiotic coral symbiont assemblage from the Katian (Late Ordovician) of Baltica". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 321โ322: 137โ141. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.01.028. Archived from the original on 2023-12-17. Retrieved 2024-01-31.
