Es laut adalah air laut yang membeku. Es laut menyelimuti sekitar 7% permukaan Bumi dan sekitar 12% samudra di dunia.[1][2]
Referensi
sunting- ^ NOAA Sea Ice essay
- ^ Weeks, Willy F. (2010). On Sea Ice. University of Alaska Press. hlm.ย 2. ISBNย 978-1-60223-101-6.
- Rothrock, D.A.; Zhang, J. (2005). "Arctic Ocean Sea Ice Volume: What Explains Its Recent Depletion?". J. Geophys. Res. 110 (C1): C01002. Bibcode:2005JGRC..11001002R. doi:10.1029/2004JC002282.
- "How Does Arctic Sea Ice Form and Decay?". NOAA Arctic theme page. Diakses tanggal 25 April 2005.
- "All About Sea Ice". National Snow and Ice Data Center, University of Colorado, Boulder.
- Vinnikov, K.Y.; Cavalieri, D.J.; Parkinson, C.L. (March 2006). "A model assessment of satellite observed trends in polar sea ice extents". Geophys. Res. Lett. 33 (5): L05704. Bibcode:2006GeoRL..33.5704V. doi:10.1029/2005GL025282.
Glosarium es laut
sunting- "Cryosphere Glossary". National Snow and Ice Data Center, University of Colorado, Boulder.
- "Ice Glossary". Environment Canada.
- "WMO Sea-Ice Nomenclature". World Meteorological Organization. WMO/OMM/ะะะ โ No.259 โข Edition 1970โ2004.
Pranala luar
sunting
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Sea ice.
- Cryosphere today: Current sea ice conditions from the University of Illinois Diarsipkan 2011-02-23 di Wayback Machine.
- Daily Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 sea ice maps from the University of Bremen Diarsipkan 2016-09-20 di Wayback Machine.
- "National Snow and Ice Data Center". University of Colorado, Boulder.
