Václav Havel 📖 Wikipedia

Václav Havel
Václav Havel berbicara di upacara pembukaan Pertemuan Tahunan IMF/Bank Dunia, Praha, 26 September 2000.
Presiden Ceko pertama
Masa jabatan 2 Februari 1993 – 2 Februari 2003
Pendahulu Tidak ada Pengganti Václav Klaus
Informasi pribadi
Lahir	(1936-10-05)5 Oktober 1936 Praha, Cekoslovakia
Meninggal	18 Desember 2011(2011-12-18) (umur 75) Hrádeček, Republik Ceko
Partai politik	Civic Forum
Suami/istri	Olga Šplíchalová, Dagmar Veškrnová
Profesi	Politikus, Penulis
Penghargaan (2013) honorary citizen of Budapest (en) (2012) Eugen Kogon Award (en) (Oktober 2011) St. George's Order of Victory (en) (2010) Franz Kafka Prize (en) (2009) Quadriga (2009) honorary doctorate from Sciences Po (en) (2009) 1st of June Award (en) (2008) Giuseppe Motta Medal (en) (2008) Karel Čapek Prize (en) (2008) Jaroslav Seifert Prize (en) (2008) Point Alpha Prize (en) (2007) Honorary doctor of the University of Liège (en) (Oktober 2006) Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise, 3rd class (en) (2006) Bridge Prize of the City of Regensburg (en) (2006) Annual award ACFK (en) (November 2005) Austrian Decoration for Science and Art (en) (2005) Monismanien Prize (en) (November 2004) Order of Brilliant Star (en) (2004) Penghargaan Cahaya Kebenaran (Oktober 2003) Order of Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk, 1st class (en) (Oktober 2003) Collar of the Order of the White Lion (en) (Agustus 2003) Gandhi Peace Prize (en) (Juli 2003) Presidential Medal of Freedom (8 Mei 2003) Companion of the Order of Canada (en) (29 Januari 2003) Grand Cross of the Order of the White Double Cross‎ (en) (2003) Deutscher Nationalpreis (mul) (2003) Freedom Award (en) (2003) Ambassador of Conscience Award (en) (27 Maret 2002) Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana (mul) (2002) honorary doctorate of the University of Lleida (en) (September 2001) Grand Cross with Chain of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Hungary (civil) (en) (Februari 2001) Commandeur des Arts et des Lettres‎ (en) (2001) Lagun Onari (en) (Oktober 2000) Order of State of Republic of Turkey (en) (Mei 2000) Grand Cross Special Class of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany (en) (2000) German citizenship price (en) (September 1999) Grand Cross of the Order of Vytautas the Great (en) (September 1997) Orde Al-Hussein bin Ali (1997) Prix mondial Cino Del Duca (1997) Princess of Asturias Award for Communications and Humanities (en) (1997) J. William Fulbright Prize (en) (September 1996) Order of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay (en) (September 1996) Order of Rio Branco (en) (September 1996) Order of the Liberator General San Martín (en) (30 Mei 1996) Collar of the Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana (en) (Maret 1996) Honorary Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (en) (1996) Planetary Consciousness Prize (en) (Juli 1995, 1995) Collar of the Order of Isabella the Catholic‎ (en) (1995) honorary doctorate of the Masaryk University (en) (1995) Geuzenpenning (en) (1995) honorary doctor of Victoria University of Wellington (en) (1995) Catalonia International Prize (en) (1994) Liberty Medal (November 1993) Order of Freedom of the Republic of Slovenia (en) (Oktober 1993) Ordo Elang Putih (Polandia) (1993) Theodor Heuss Award (en) (1993) Penghargaan Indira Gandhi (3 Juni 1992) honorary doctor of the Sorbonne Nouvelle University (en) (8 Agustus 1991) doktor honoris causa dari Universitas Paris-Sorbonne (9 Mei 1991) Charlemagne Prize (en) (1991) Sonning Prize (en) (1991) honorary doctor of the Université libre de Bruxelles (en) (31 Oktober 1990) honorary doctor of Comenius University (en) (Oktober 1990) Grand Collar of the Order of the Southern Cross (en) (6 Mei 1990) honorary citizen of Plzeň (en) (Maret 1990) Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour (en) (1990) International Simón Bolívar Prize (en) (1990) Gottlieb Duttweiler Prize (en) (1990) Four Freedoms Award – Freedom Medal (en) (1990) honorary doctorate of the Vrije Universiteit Brussel (en) (15 Oktober 1989) Peace Prize of the German Publishers' and Booksellers' Association (en) (1989) Olof Palmepriset (mul) (1986) Hadiah Erasmus (14 Mei 1984) honorary doctor of the University of Toulouse-II (en) (1968) Austrian State Prize for European Literature (en) Order Ecce Homo (en) honorary doctor of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (en) Orde Krisantemum Concordia Prize (en) Evelyn F. Burkey Award (en) Penghargaan Putri Asturias Liberty Medal Čestná medaile T. G. Masaryka (en) honorary doctor of the Bar-Ilan University (en) Orde Bintang Yordania honorary doctor of the University of Padua (en) Medal of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay (en) honorary doctorate of Haifa University (en) honorary doctor of the University of Warsaw (en) honorary doctor of the Dresden University of Technology (en) participant in the resistance and resistance against communism (en) Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature (en) Order of the Three Stars, 1st Class (en) Saint George medal (en) honorary citizen of Prague (en) Democracy Service Medal (en) Delta Prize for Global Understanding (en) Grand Collar of the Order of Liberty (en) Karel Kramář Medal (en)
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Václav Havel, GCB, CC, (IPA: [ˈvaːʦlaf ˈɦavɛl]) (5 Oktober 1936 – 18 Desember 2011) adalah penulis, politikus, dan dramawan Ceko. Ia juga adalah Presiden Cekoslovakia (1989-1992) yang ke-10 dan Presiden Republik Ceko yang pertama (1993-2003).

Havel adalah pendiri Charta 77, organisasi anti-komunisme di Cekoslowakia. Setelah Revolusi Beludru, yang menandai jatuhnya komunisme di Cekoslowakia pada 1989, ia menjadi pemimpin partai demokrasi Občanské fórum. Pada 1989 ia menjadi Presiden Cekoslowakia berikutnya dan pada 1993 menjadi Presiden Ceko yang pertama – sebuah jabatan yang dipegangnya hingga 2003 saat beralih ke tangan Vaclav Klaus.^{[butuh rujukan]}

Havel adalah seorang penulis naskah untuk drama sejak tahun 1963. Naskah drama pertamanya berjudul Zahradní Slavnost (The Garden Party; Pesta Kebun) yang segera disusul dengan Vyrozumění (The Memo; katabelece) pada 1965, yang merupakan karya paling terkenal. Tema sentral dalam karya-karyanya adalah pengasingan sosial. Kepengarangannya penuh dengan kritik terhadap sistem komunis yang totaliter, akibatnya ia dipaksa keluar dari dunia teater sehingga ia memulai karier politiknya.^{[butuh rujukan]}

Setelah menjadi penulis naskah, Havel juga mulai menulis puisi dan esai.^{[butuh rujukan]} Václav Havel menulis karya sastra klasik secara rahasia pada dasawarsa 1970-an hingga dasawarsa 1980-an. Ia menerbitkan karya sastranya secara samizdat. Karya-karya ini menjelaskan tentang perilaku manusia yang mengalami penindasan yang kejam. Kondisi dalam karya-karyanya merupakan penjelasan mengenai kondisi Ceko dalam rezim totaliterisme yang berlaku di Eropa Timur. Selain itu, Václav Havel dalam karya-karyanya menyatakan bahwa Eropa Barat juga tidak terlepas dari kemungkinan mengalami totaliterisme seperti di Eropa Timur.^[1]

• Vaclav Havel by Eda Kriseová, St Martin's Press 1993 ISBN 0-312-10317-4
• Acts of Courage by Carol Rocamora, Smith and Kraus 2004 ISBN 1-57525-344-5
• Vaclav Havel: A Political Tragedy in Six Acts by John Keane, Basic Books 2000, ISBN 0-465-03719-4 (sample chapter [1] Diarsipkan 2006-07-18 di Wayback Machine.)
• Interpreting Václav Havel by Walter H. Capp, a Cross Currents study [2] Diarsipkan 2007-07-03 di Wayback Machine.
• Vaclav Havel: Civic Responsibility in the Postmodern Age, by James F. Pontuso, Rowman & Littlefield 2004, ISBN 0-7425-2256-3 [3] Diarsipkan 2007-05-06 di Wayback Machine.

Wikiquote memiliki koleksi kutipan yang berkaitan dengan: Václav Havel.

Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Václav Havel.

• Václav Havel – Official website (English version)
• Václav Havel Diarsipkan 2007-06-08 di Wayback Machine. – czech.cz
• livingthetruth.com Diarsipkan 2019-01-21 di Wayback Machine. – "Information relating to the work and philosophies of Václav Havel "appreciation site" (fansite)
• Havel and Prague
• Havel Festival Diarsipkan 2015-01-08 di Wayback Machine. - a New York festival of all of Havel's works, held in 2006. The web site also includes descriptions of all of Havel's plays.
• Havel at Columbia - website produced for seven-week residency of Havel at Columbia University in the fall 2006
• "Citizen Havel" - "short video clip on Havel"

• Václav Havel's Project Syndicate op/eds
• "Excerpts" from The Power of the Powerless
• Slavoj Zizek's essay on Vaclav Havel, published in London Review of Books Diarsipkan 2009-04-15 di Wayback Machine.
• Capitalism with a human face? (Vaclav Havel's philosophy and musings)
• A speech arguing for the need for transcendent values in political life.
• Interview transcript Diarsipkan 2007-09-29 di Wayback Machine. at PBS

• Biography of Václav Havel hosted by Radio Prague.
• "Celebrating the Life and Art of Václav Havel" Diarsipkan 2006-11-16 di Wayback Machine. Biography and "timeline" – The Havel Festival: Václav Havel, Untitled Theater Company (untitledtheater.com), in conjunction with the residency of Havel at Columbia.
• Havel at Columbia:
  • "Havel at Columbia: Václav Havel: The Artist, The Citizen, The Residency": includes biographies and timelines; interviews; profiles; bibliography
  • "Havel at Columbia: Bibliography: Human Rights Archive
• "Havel, His Memories and the World", International Herald Tribune 21 October 2004. Accessed 29 April, 2007.
• Hero Berkas: Václav Havel Diarsipkan 2008-09-07 di Wayback Machine. at MoreorLess.au.com (biography and chronology).
• United States "Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipient Vaclav Havel.
• "Václav Havel Ambassador of Conscience 2003: From Prisoner to President – A Tribute" Diarsipkan 2006-06-21 di Archive.is, at Amnesty International.
• "Václav Havel: Heir to a Spiritual Legacy" Diarsipkan 2005-08-27 di Wayback Machine., online posting, religion-online.org.
• Václav Havel's Order of Canada CitationDiarsipkan 2005-12-10 di Wayback Machine..
• "Velvet President", Reason (Mei 2003).