In political theory and theology, to immanentize the eschaton is a generally pejorative phrase referring to attempts to bring about utopian conditions in the world, and to effectively create heaven on earth.[1] Theologically, the belief is akin to postmillennialism as reflected in the Social Gospel of the 1880–1930 era,[2] as well as Protestant reform movements during the Second Great Awakening in the 1830s and 1840s such as abolitionism.[3]
Origin
editUsage of the phrase started with Eric Voegelin in The New Science of Politics in 1952. Conservative spokesman William F. Buckley popularized Voegelin's phrase as "Don't immanentize the eschaton!". Buckley's version became a political slogan of Young Americans for Freedom during the 1960s and 1970s.[4]
One of the more frequently quoted passages from Voegelin's work on Gnosticism is that "The problem of an eidos in history, hence, arises only when a Christian transcendental fulfillment becomes immanentized. Such an immanentist hypostasis of the eschaton, however, is a theoretical fallacy."[5]
Theology
editAt the end of the 12th century, Joachim of Fiore theorized the coming of an age of earthly bliss right before the end of time. Although not a full immanentization, Joachim opened the way to an anticipation of the eschaton in the course of time. His ideas have influenced the thoughts on an immanentized eschaton.[6]
In contemporary terminology, this process is sometimes described as "hastening the eschaton" or "hastening the apocalypse". In this sense it refers to a phenomenon related to millenarianism and the specific Christian form of millennialism which is based on a particular reading of the Christian Bible's Book of Revelation especially popular among evangelicals in the United States.[7]
See also
edit- Accelerationism
- Apocalypticism
- Cautionary tale
- Dominion theology
- End of history
- Inner-worldly asceticism – Max Weber's thesis on self-denial
- Liberation theology
- List of dates predicted for apocalyptic events
- List of political slogans
- Postmillennialism
- Potentiality and actuality
- Premillennialism
- Rapture
- Social Gospel
- Socialism: Utopian and Scientific
- Tikkun olam
References
edit- ^ "To Immanentize the Eschaton - English definition and meaning". Lexico. Archived from the original on October 26, 2020. Retrieved 2022-03-05.
- ^ David W. Miller (2006). God at Work : The History and Promise of the Faith at Work Movement. Oxford University Press. p. 28. ISBN 9780198042983.
- ^ Douglas M. Strong (2002). Perfectionist Politics: Abolitionism and the Religious Tensions of American Democracy. Syracuse U.P. p. 30. ISBN 9780815629245.
- ^ Jonah Goldberg (2002-01-16). "Immanent Corrections". National Review. Retrieved 2008-11-06.
- ^ Eric Voegelin, The New Science of Politics, 1952, in: The Collected Works of Eric Voegelin, Volume 5, Modernity Without Restraint, edited and introduced by Manfred Henningsen, University of Missouri Press, Columbia, Missouri, 1999, page 185. ISBN 978-0826212450.
- ^ Potestà, Gian Luca, ed. (2005). Gioacchino da Fiore nella cultura contemporanea: atti del 6 Congresso Internazionale di Studi Gioachimiti, San Giovanni in Fiore, 23 - 25 settembre 2004. Roma: Viella. ISBN 8883341872.
- ^ Landes, Richard Allen (2011). Heaven on Earth: The varieties of the Millennial experience. England: Oxford.
