ุฑูˆุญ ุงู„ู‚ุฏุณ
EditorSultan al-'Ulama Khorasani
CategoriesPolitics
Founded1907
Final issue1908
CountryIran
Based inTehran
LanguagePersian
WebsiteRลซแธฅ al-Qudus

The Persian-language journal Ruh al-Qudus (ุฑูˆุญ ุงู„ู‚ุฏุณ; DMG: Rลซแธฅ al-Qudus; "The Holy Spiritโ€œ) was published biweekly from 1907 to 1908 in Tehran in a total of 29 editions. The editor was Sultan al-'Ulama Khorasani (1839-1911), a Shiite religious scholar and political activist known for supporting the Constitutional Revolution in Iran (1905-1911) and for his criticism of Mohammed Ali Shah's government.[1]

The foundation of this revolutionary opposition journal aimed to publish opinions on prevailing political and social conditions and to openly criticize the inconveniences.[2] Because of its not necessarily simple language, it is assumed that a more politically educated and oppositional readership should be reached.[3]

Together with the magazines Musavat and Sur-e Esrafil, Ruh al-Qudus contributed significantly to the support of the Constitutional Revolution through its revolutionary and aggressive orientation.[4] After Mohammed Ali Shah's accession to the throne and the counterrevolution in June 1908, the magazine, as many other Iranian press mediums, was finally banned.[5]

References

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  1. ^ cf. Hairi, A. (2011): โ€œAkund Korasani,โ€ in: Encyclopรฆdia Iranica, I/7, pp. 732-735.
  2. ^ cf. Catanzaro, Christl: "Leserbriefe in แนขรปr-e Esrรขfรฎl und Rรปแธฅ ul-Qods als Forum des Informationsaustausches fรผr die Intelligenzija der Maลกrรปแนญรฎyat-Zeitโ€œ, p. 16. In: Herzog, Christoph, Raoul Motika und Anja Pistor-Hatam (ed.): Presse und ร–ffentlichkeit im Nahen Osten. Heidelberg 1995. pp. 15-22.
  3. ^ cf. Catanzaro, Christl: "Leserbriefe in แนขรปr-e Esrรขfรฎl und Rรปแธฅ ul-Qods als Forum des Informationsaustausches fรผr die Intelligenzija der Maลกrรปแนญรฎyat-Zeitโ€œ, p. 17. In: Herzog, Christoph, Raoul Motika und Anja Pistor-Hatam (ed.): Presse und ร–ffentlichkeit im Nahen Osten. Heidelberg 1995. pp. 15-22.
  4. ^ cf. The Popular Press. Holdings in the Middle East Department. Joseph Regenstein Library. University of Chicago, p. 5: https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/e/collections/mideast/poppress/MidEast_PopularPress_1995list_2015version.pdf.
  5. ^ cf. Catanzaro, Christl: "Leserbriefe in แนขรปr-e Esrรขfรฎl und Rรปแธฅ ul-Qods als Forum des Informationsaustausches fรผr die Intelligenzija der Maลกrรปแนญรฎyat-Zeitโ€œ, p. 16. In: Herzog, Christoph, Raoul Motika und Anja Pistor-Hatam (ed.): Presse und ร–ffentlichkeit im Nahen Osten. Heidelberg 1995. pp. 15-22.
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Sur-e Esrafil (magazine)

Esrรขfรฎl und Rรปแธฅ ul-Qods als Forum des Informationsaustausches fรผr die Intelligenzija der Maลกrรปแนญรฎyat-Zeitโ€œ. In: Herzog, Christoph, Raoul Monika und Anja Pastor-Hatam