| Isocrinida Temporal range: | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Isocrinus nicoleti columnals; Middle Jurassic; Carmel Formation; Utah. | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Echinodermata |
| Class: | Crinoidea |
| Subclass: | Articulata |
| Order: | Isocrinida |
| Synonyms[1] | |
Isocrinina Sieverts-Doreck, 1952 | |
Isocrinida is an order of sea lilies which contains four families.
Characteristics
editMembers of this order are characterised by having a "heteromorphic" stalk; the stalk consists of a series of nodes with cirri, interspersed by several nodes without cirri. There are additionally a whorl of cirri at the base on which the animal perches. The calyx is a shallow cup consisting of five basals and five radials.[2]
They are more mobile than other stalked crinoids, and can be found as shallow as 100โ170ย m (300โ600ย ft), and on rare occasions below 400ย m (1,300ย ft), but is most common at depths of 200โ300ย m (700โ1,000ย ft).[3]
Families
editOrdo Isocrinida[1]
- Family Balanocrinidae Roux, 1981
- Subfamily Balanocrininae Roux, 1981
- Subfamily Diplocrininae Roux, 1981
- Subfamily Isselicrininae Klikushkin, 1977
- Subfamily Proisocrininae Rasmussen, 1978
- Family Cainocrinidae Simms, 1988
- Family Isocrinidae Gislรฉn, 1924
- Subfamily Isocrininae Gislรฉn, 1924
- Subfamily Metacrininae Klikushin, 1977
- Family โ Pentacrinitidae Gray, 1842
- Subfamily Eocomatulinae Simms, 1988
- Subfamily Pentacrinitinae Blumenbach, 1804
Isocrinus fossil, Shamshak Formation, Alborz province, Iran
Endoxocrinus sp. (Balanocrinidae)- Unidentified Isocrinid
References
edit- ^ a b Marc Eleaume. "Isocrinida". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species.
- ^ O'Hara, Timothy; Byrne, Maria (2017). Australian Echinoderms: Biology, Ecology and Evolution. Csiro Publishing. p.ย 192. ISBNย 978-1-4863-0763-0.
- ^ Globally discordant Isocrinida (Crinoidea) migration confirms asynchronous Marine Mesozoic Revolution
- Hess H (2011) Isocrinida. In: Hess, H., Messing, C.G., Ausich, W.I. (Eds.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part T, Echinodermata 2 Revised, Crinoidea, vol. 3. University of Kansas Press, Lawrence, Kansas, pp.ย 42โ69.
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