| Lobelia | |
|---|---|
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| Lobelia erinus | |
Klasifikasi ilmiah 
| |
| Kerajaan: | Plantae |
| Klad: | Tracheophyta |
| Klad: | Angiospermae |
| Klad: | Eudikotil |
| Klad: | Asteridae |
| Ordo: | Asterales |
| Famili: | Campanulaceae |
| Subfamili: | Lobelioideae |
| Genus: | Lobelia L.[1] |
| Spesies | |
|
Lihat Daftar spesies Lobelia | |
| Sinonim[2] | |
| |
Lobelia [3][4][5][6] adalah genus tumbuhan berbunga dalam famili Campanulaceae yang terdiri dari 415 spesies tumbuhan,[7] dengan distribusi subkosmopolitan terutama di daerah beriklim tropis hingga hangat di dunia. Beberapa spesiesnya meluas ke daerah beriklim dingin.[8] Di Indonesia tanaman sigarang yang paling umum ditemukan adalah Lobelia sumatrana, Lobelia borneensis, Lobelia conferta[butuh rujukan] dan Lobelia nummularia atau sigarang-garang.[9]
Keterangan
suntingTanaman sigarang terdiri dari sejumlah besar spesies tahunan besar dan kecil, abadi dan semak, kuat dan lembut, dari berbagai habitat, dalam berbagai warna. Banyak spesies tampak sangat berbeda satu sama lain. Namun, semuanya memiliki daun sederhana bergantian dan bunga berbentuk tabung berbibir dua, masing-masing dengan lima lobus. Dua lobus atas mungkin tegak sedangkan tiga lobus bawah mungkin melebar. Pembungaannya sering melimpah dan warna bunganya pekat, sehingga populer sebagai subjek taman hias.[10]
Dampak buruk
suntingBanyak anggota genus yang dianggap beracun, karena beberapa tanaman sigarsng mengandung prinsip racun lobelin.[11] Karena kemiripan lobelin dengan nikotin , penggunaan tanaman sigarang secara internal mungkin berbahaya bagi populasi yang rentan, termasuk anak-anak, wanita hamil,[12] dan individu dengan penyakit jantung. Penggunaan berlebihan akan menyebabkan mual dan muntah.[13] Obat ini tidak dianjurkan untuk digunakan oleh wanita hamil dan sebaiknya diberikan oleh praktisi yang berkualifikasi dalam penggunaannya. Ia juga memiliki bahan kimia yang dikenal sebagai lobelisionisin , yang dapat menyebabkan pusing.
Daftar spesies
suntingDi bawah ini merupakan daftar spesies dari Lobelia:[14]
A
sunting- Lobelia aberdarica R.E.Fr. & T.C.E.Fr.
- Lobelia acrochila (E.Wimm.) E.B.Knox
- Lobelia acuminata Sw.
- Lobelia acutidens Hook.f.
- Lobelia adnexa E.Wimm.
- Lobelia agrestis E.Wimm.
- Lobelia aguana E.Wimm.
- Lobelia alpina Vell.
- Lobelia alsinoides Lam.
- Lobelia alticaulis Proctor
- Lobelia amoena Michx.
- Lobelia anatina E.Wimm.
- Lobelia anceps L.f.
- Lobelia andrewsii Lammers
- Lobelia angulata G.Forst.
- Lobelia apalachicolensis D.D.Spauld., Barger & H.E.Horne
- Lobelia appendiculata A.DC.
- Lobelia aquaemontis E.Wimm.
- Lobelia aquatica Cham.
- Lobelia archboldiana (Merr. & L.M.Perry) Moeliono
- Lobelia archeri N.G.Walsh
- Lobelia ardisiandroides Schltr.
- Lobelia arnhemiaca E.Wimm.
- Lobelia assurgens L.
- Lobelia aurita (Brandegee) T.J.Ayers
- Lobelia australiensis Lammers
- Lobelia ayersiae Rzed.
B
sunting- Lobelia bambuseti R.E.Fr. & T.C.E.Fr.
- Lobelia barkerae E.Wimm.
- Lobelia barnsii Exell
- Lobelia baumannii Engl.
- Lobelia beaugleholei Albr.
- Lobelia benthamii F.Muell.
- Lobelia bequaertii De Wild.
- Lobelia berlandieri A.DC.
- Lobelia biflora Rzed.
- Lobelia bipinnatifida Rzed.
- Lobelia blantyrensis E.Wimm.
- Lobelia boivinii Sond.
- Lobelia boninensis Koidz.
- Lobelia borneensis (Hemsl.) Moeliono
- Lobelia boykinii Torr. & Gray ex A.DC.
- Lobelia brachyantha Merr. & L.M.Perry
- Lobelia brasiliensis A.O.S.Vieira & G.J.Sheph.
- Lobelia brevifolia Nutt. ex A.DC.
- Lobelia bridgesii Hook. & Arn.
- Lobelia brigittalis E.H.L.Krause
- Lobelia browniana Schult. [a]
- Lobelia bryoides Willd. ex Schult.
- Lobelia bryophila E.Wimm.
- Lobelia burttii E.A.Bruce
C
sunting- Lobelia cacuminis Britton & P.Wilson
- Lobelia caeciliae E.Wimm.
- Lobelia caerulea Sims
- Lobelia caledoniana C.D.Adams
- Lobelia calochlamys (Donn.Sm.) Wilbur
- Lobelia camporum Pohl
- Lobelia canbyi A.Gray
- Lobelia capillifolia (C.Presl) A.DC.
- Lobelia cardinalis L.
- Lobelia carens Heenan
- Lobelia caudata (Griseb.) Urb.
- Lobelia cavaleriei H.Lév.
- Lobelia chamaedryfolia (C.Presl) A.DC.
- Lobelia chamaepitys Lam.
- Lobelia cheiranthus L.
- Lobelia cheranganiensis Thulin
- Lobelia chevalieri Danguy
- Lobelia chinensis Lour.
- Lobelia chireensis A.Rich.
- Lobelia christii Urb.
- Lobelia ciliata A.Spreng. ex C.Presl
- Lobelia circaeoides (C.Presl) A.DC.
- Lobelia cirsiifolia Lam.
- Lobelia cladlomesa Raf.
- Lobelia clavata E.Wimm.
- Lobelia claviflora Albr. & R.W.Jobson
- Lobelia cleistogamoides N.G.Walsh & Albr.
- Lobelia cliffortiana L.
- Lobelia cobaltica S.Moore
- Lobelia cochleariifolia Diels
- Lobelia collina Kunth
- Lobelia columnaris Hook.f.
- Lobelia comosa L.
- Lobelia comptonii E.Wimm.
- Lobelia concolor R.Br.
- Lobelia conferta Merr. & L.M.Perry
- Lobelia conglobata Lam.
- Lobelia cordifolia Hook. & Arn.
- Lobelia corniculata Thulin
- Lobelia coronopifolia L.
- Lobelia corymbiformis Rzed.
- Lobelia cubana Urb.
- Lobelia cuneifolia Link & Otto
- Lobelia cyanea E.Wimm.
- Lobelia cymbalarioides Engl.
- Lobelia cyphioides Harv.
D
sunting- Lobelia darlingensis (E.Wimm.) Albr.
- Lobelia dasyphylla E.Wimm.
- Lobelia davidii Franch.
- Lobelia deckenii (Asch.) Hemsl.
- Lobelia decurrens Cav.
- Lobelia decurrentifolia (Kuntze) K.Schum.
- Lobelia deleiensis C.E.C.Fisch.
- Lobelia dentata Cav.
- Lobelia diastateoides McVaugh
- Lobelia diazlunae Rzed. & Calderón
- Lobelia dichroma Schltr.
- Lobelia dielsiana E.Wimm.
- Lobelia digitalifolia (Griseb.) Urb.
- Lobelia dioica R.Br.
- Lobelia dissecta M.B.Moss
- Lobelia divaricata Hook. & Arn.
- Lobelia divergens Rzed.
- Lobelia diversifolia Willd. ex Schult.
- Lobelia djurensis Engl. & Diels
- Lobelia dodiana E.Wimm.
- Lobelia donanensis P.Royen
- Lobelia dopatrioides Kurz
- Lobelia dortmanna L.
- Lobelia douglasiana F.M.Bailey [b]
- Lobelia dregeana (C.Presl) A.DC.
- Lobelia dressleri Wilbur
- Lobelia drungjiangensis D.Y.Hong
- Lobelia dunbariae Rock
- Lobelia duriprati T.C.E.Fr.
E
sunting- Lobelia ehrenbergii Vatke
- Lobelia ekmanii Urb.
- Lobelia elongata Small
- Lobelia endlichii (E.Wimm.) T.J.Ayers
- Lobelia ensiformis Vell.
- Lobelia erectiuscula H.Hara
- Lobelia erlangeriana Engl.
- Lobelia erinus L.
- Lobelia eryliae C.E.C.Fisch.
- Lobelia esquirolii H.Lév.
- Lobelia eurostos Voigt
- Lobelia eurypoda E.Wimm.
- Lobelia exaltata Pohl
- Lobelia excelsa Bonpl.
- Lobelia exilis Hochst. ex A.Rich.
F
sunting- Lobelia fangiana (E.Wimm.) S.Y.Hu
- Lobelia fastigiata Kunth
- Lobelia fatiscens Heenan
- Lobelia fawcettii Urb.
- Lobelia feayana A.Gray
- Lobelia fenestralis Cav.
- Lobelia fenshamii N.G.Walsh & Albr.
- Lobelia fervens Thunb.
- Lobelia filicaulis (C.Presl) Schönland
- Lobelia filiformis Lam.
- Lobelia filipes E.Wimm.
- Lobelia fissiflora N.G.Walsh
- Lobelia fistulosa Vell.
- Lobelia flaccida (C.Presl) A.DC.
- Lobelia flaccidifolia Small
- Lobelia flexicaulis Rzed. & Calderón
- Lobelia flexuosa (C.Presl) A.DC.
- Lobelia floridana Chapm.
- Lobelia foliiformis T.J.Zhang & D.Y.Hong
- Lobelia fontana Albr. & N.G.Walsh
- Lobelia fugax Heenan, Courtney & P.N.Johnson
G
sunting- Lobelia galpinii Schltr.
- Lobelia gaoligongshanica D.Y.Hong
- Lobelia gattingeri A.Gray
- Lobelia gaudichaudii A.DC.
- Lobelia gelida F.Muell.
- Lobelia georgiana McVaugh
- Lobelia ghiesbreghtii Decne.
- Lobelia gibbosa Labill.
- Lobelia giberroa Hemsl.
- Lobelia gilgii Engl.
- Lobelia gilletii De Wild.
- Lobelia glaberrima Heenan
- Lobelia gladiaria McVaugh
- Lobelia glandulosa Walter
- Lobelia glaucescens E.Wimm.
- Lobelia glazioviana Zahlbr.
- Lobelia gloria-montis Rock
- Lobelia goetzei Diels
- Lobelia goldmanii (Fernald) T.J.Ayers
- Lobelia gouldii W.Fitzg.
- Lobelia gracillima Welw. ex Hiern
- Lobelia grandifolia Britton
- Lobelia graniticola E.Wimm.
- Lobelia grayana E.Wimm.
- Lobelia gregoriana Baker f.
- Lobelia griffithii Hook.f. & Thomson
- Lobelia gruina Cav.
- Lobelia guatemalensis (B.L.Rob. ex Donn.Sm.) Wilbur
- Lobelia guerrerensis Eakes & Lammers
- Lobelia guzmanii Rzed.
- Lobelia gypsophila T.J.Ayers
H
sunting- Lobelia hainanensis E.Wimm.
- Lobelia harrisii Urb.
- Lobelia hartlaubii Buchenau
- Lobelia hartwegii Benth. ex A.DC.
- Lobelia hassleri Zahlbr.
- Lobelia hederacea Cham.
- Lobelia henodon E.Wimm.
- Lobelia henricksonii M.C.Johnst.
- Lobelia hereroensis Schinz
- Lobelia heteroclita McVaugh
- Lobelia heterophylla Labill.
- Lobelia heyneana Schult.
- Lobelia hilaireana (Kanitz) E.Wimm.
- Lobelia hillebrandii Rock
- Lobelia hintoniorum B.L.Turner
- Lobelia hirtipes E.Wimm.
- Lobelia holotricha E.Wimm.
- Lobelia holstii Engl.
- Lobelia homophylla E.Wimm.
- Lobelia hongiana Q.F.Wang & G.W.Hu
- Lobelia horombensis E.Wimm.
- Lobelia hotteana Judd & Skean
- Lobelia humistrata F.Muell. ex Benth.
- Lobelia humpatensis E.Wimm.
- Lobelia hypnodes E.Wimm. ex McVaugh
- Lobelia hypoleuca Hillebr.
I
sunting- Lobelia illota McVaugh
- Lobelia imberbis (Griseb.) Urb.
- Lobelia imperialis E.Wimm.
- Lobelia inconspicua A.Rich.
- Lobelia inflata L.
- Lobelia innominata Rendle
- Lobelia intercedens (E.Wimm.) Thulin
- Lobelia irasuensis Planch. & Oerst.
- Lobelia irrigua R.Br.
- Lobelia iteophylla C.Y.Wu
J
sunting- Lobelia jaliscensis McVaugh
- Lobelia jasionoides (A.DC.) E.Wimm.
K
sunting- Lobelia kalmii L.
- Lobelia kalobaensis E.Wimm. ex Thulin
- Lobelia × kauaensis (A.Gray) A.Heller
- Lobelia kirkii R.E.Fr.
- Lobelia knoblochii T.J.Ayers
- Lobelia koolauensis (Hosaka & Fosberg) Lammers
- Lobelia kraussii Graham
- Lobelia kundelungensis Thulin
L
sunting- Lobelia lammersiana P.Biju, Josekutty & Augustine
- Lobelia langeana Dusén
- Lobelia lasiocalycina E.Wimm.
- Lobelia laurentioides Schltr.
- Lobelia laxa MacOwan
- Lobelia laxiflora Kunth
- Lobelia leichhardii E.Wimm.
- Lobelia lepida E.Wimm.
- Lobelia leschenaultiana (C.Presl) Skottsb.
- Lobelia leucotos Albr.
- Lobelia limosa (Adamson) E.Wimm.
- Lobelia linarioides (C.Presl) A.DC.
- Lobelia lindblomii Mildbr.
- Lobelia linearis Thunb.
- Lobelia lingulata E.Wimm.
- Lobelia lisowskii Thulin
- Lobelia lithophila Senterre & Cast.-Campos
- Lobelia livingstoniana R.E.Fr.
- Lobelia lobata E.Wimm.
- Lobelia longicaulis Brandegee
- Lobelia longipedicellata C.E.C.Fisch.
- Lobelia longisepala Engl.
- Lobelia loochooensis Koidz.
- Lobelia lucayana Britton & Millsp.
- Lobelia lukwangulensis Engl.
- Lobelia luruniensis E.Wimm.
- Lobelia luzoniensis (Pers.) Merr.
M
sunting- Lobelia macdonaldii B.L.Turner
- Lobelia macrocentron (Benth.) T.J.Ayers
- Lobelia macrodon (Hook.f.) Lammers
- Lobelia malowensis E.Wimm.
- Lobelia margarita E.Wimm.
- Lobelia martagon (Griseb.) Hitchc.
- Lobelia mcvaughii T.J.Ayers
- Lobelia melliana E.Wimm.
- Lobelia membranacea R.Br.
- Lobelia mexicana E.Wimm.
- Lobelia mezlerioides E.Wimm.
- Lobelia mildbraedii Engl.
- Lobelia minutula Engl.
- Lobelia modesta Wedd.
- Lobelia molleri Henriq.
- Lobelia monostachya (Rock) Lammers
- Lobelia montana Reinw. ex Blume
- Lobelia morogoroensis E.B.Knox & Pócs
- Lobelia muscoides Cham.
N
sunting- Lobelia nana Kunth
- Lobelia neglecta Schult.
- Lobelia neumannii T.C.E.Fr.
- Lobelia nicotianifolia Roth
- Lobelia niihauensis H.St.John
- Lobelia nubicola McVaugh
- Lobelia nubigena J.Anthony
- Lobelia nugax E.Wimm.
- Lobelia nummularia Lam.
- Lobelia nummularioides Cham.
- Lobelia nuttallii Schult.
O
sunting- Lobelia oahuensis Rock
- Lobelia oaxacana Rzed.
- Lobelia obconica E.Wimm.
- Lobelia occidentalis McVaugh & Huft
- Lobelia oligophylla (Wedd.) Lammers
- Lobelia oreas E.Wimm.
- Lobelia organensis Gardner
- Lobelia orientalis Rzed. & Calderón
- Lobelia origenes Lammers
- Lobelia ovina E.Wimm.
- Lobelia oxyphylla Urb.
P
sunting- Lobelia paludigena Thulin
- Lobelia paludosa Nutt.
- Lobelia paranaensis R.Braga
- Lobelia parva Badré & Cadet
- Lobelia parvidentata L.O.Williams
- Lobelia parvisepala E.Wimm.
- Lobelia patula L.f.
- Lobelia pedunculata R.Br.
- Lobelia pentheri E.Wimm.
- Lobelia perpusilla Hook.f.
- Lobelia perrieri E.Wimm.
- Lobelia persicifolia Lam.
- Lobelia petiolata Huamán
- Lobelia philippinensis Skottsb.
- Lobelia physaloides A.Cunn.
- Lobelia pinifolia L.
- Lobelia platycalyx (F.Muell.) F.Muell.
- Lobelia plebeia E.Wimm.
- Lobelia pleotricha Diels
- Lobelia poetica E.Wimm.
- Lobelia polyphylla Hook. & Arn.
- Lobelia porphyrea Rzed. & Calderón
- Lobelia portoricensis (Vatke) Urb.
- Lobelia pratiana Gaudich. ex Lammers
- Lobelia pratioides Benth.
- Lobelia preslii A.DC.
- Lobelia pringlei S.Watson
- Lobelia proctorii Argent & P.Wilkie
- Lobelia psilostoma E.Wimm.
- Lobelia pteropoda (C.Presl) A.DC.
- Lobelia puberula Michx.
- Lobelia pubescens Aiton
- Lobelia pulchella Vatke
- Lobelia purpurascens R.Br.
- Lobelia purpusii Brandegee
- Lobelia pyramidalis Wall.
Q
sunting- Lobelia quadrangularis R.Br.
- Lobelia quadrisepala (R.D.Good) E.Wimm.
- Lobelia quarreana E.Wimm.
- Lobelia quiexobrae Rzed.
R
sunting- Lobelia rarifolia E.Wimm.
- Lobelia reinekeana E.Wimm.
- Lobelia reinwardtiana (C.Presl) A.DC.
- Lobelia remyi Rock
- Lobelia reniformis Cham.
- Lobelia reptans W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes
- Lobelia reverchonii B.L.Turner
- Lobelia rhombifolia de Vriese
- Lobelia rhynchopetalum Hemsl.
- Lobelia rhytidosperma Benth.
- Lobelia ritabeaniana E.B.Knox
- Lobelia rivalis E.Wimm.
- Lobelia robusta Graham
- Lobelia × rogersii Bowden
- Lobelia rosalindae Rzed.
- Lobelia rosea Wall.
- Lobelia rotundifolia Juss. ex A.DC.
- Lobelia roughii Hook.f.
- Lobelia rubescens De Wild.
- Lobelia rzedowskii Art.Castro & I.Gut.
S
sunting- Lobelia salicina Lam.
- Lobelia sancta Thulin
- Lobelia santa-luciae Rendle
- Lobelia santos-limae Brade
- Lobelia sapinii De Wild.
- Lobelia sartorii Vatke
- Lobelia saturninoi Art.Castro & I.Gut.
- Lobelia scaevolifolia Roxb.
- Lobelia scebelii Chiov.
- Lobelia schimperi Hochst. ex A.Rich.
- Lobelia scrobiculata E.Wimm.
- Lobelia seguinii H.Lév. & Vaniot
- Lobelia serpens Lam.
- Lobelia serratifolia W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes
- Lobelia sessilifolia Lamb.
- Lobelia setacea Thunb.
- Lobelia setulosa E.Wimm.
- Lobelia shaferi Urb.
- Lobelia simplicicaulis R.Br.
- Lobelia simulans N.G.Walsh
- Lobelia sinaloae Sprague
- Lobelia siphilitica L.
- Lobelia solaris E.Wimm.
- Lobelia sonderiana (Kuntze) Lammers
- Lobelia spathopetala Diels
- Lobelia × speciosa Sweet
- Lobelia spicata Lam.
- Lobelia standleyi McVaugh
- Lobelia stellfeldii R.Braga
- Lobelia stenocarpa E.Wimm.
- Lobelia stenodonta (Fernald) McVaugh
- Lobelia stenophylla Benth.
- Lobelia stenosiphon (Adamson) E.Wimm.
- Lobelia stolonifera Donn.Sm.
- Lobelia stricklandiae Gilliland
- Lobelia stricta Sw.
- Lobelia stuhlmannii Schweinf. ex Stuhlmann
- Lobelia sublibera S.Watson
- Lobelia subnuda Benth.
- Lobelia subpubera Wedd.
- Lobelia subscaposa Rzed.
- Lobelia sulawesiensis Lammers
- Lobelia sumatrana Merr.
- Lobelia surrepens Hook.f.
- Lobelia sutherlandii E.Wimm.
T
sunting- Lobelia taliensis Diels
- Lobelia tarsophora Seaton ex Greenm.
- Lobelia tatea (E.Wimm.) E.Wimm.
- Lobelia telekii Schweinf.
- Lobelia telephioides (C.Presl) A.DC.
- Lobelia tenera Kunth
- Lobelia tenuior R.Br.
- Lobelia terminalis C.B.Clarke
- Lobelia thapsoidea Schott ex Pohl
- Lobelia thermalis Thunb.
- Lobelia thorelii E.Wimm.
- Lobelia thuliniana E.B.Knox
- Lobelia tomentosa L.f.
- Lobelia trigonocaulis F.Muell.
- Lobelia tripartita Thulin
- Lobelia trullifolia Hemsl.
- Lobelia tupa L.
U
sunting- Lobelia udzungwensis Thulin
- Lobelia uliginosa E.Wimm.
- Lobelia umbellifera McVaugh
- Lobelia urens L.
V
sunting- Lobelia vagans Balf.f.
- Lobelia valida L.Bolus
- Lobelia vanreenensis (Kuntze) K.Schum.
- Lobelia victoriensis P.Royen
- Lobelia villaregalis T.J.Ayers
- Lobelia villosa (Rock) H.St.John & Hosaka
- Lobelia viridiflora McVaugh
- Lobelia vivaldii Lammers & Proctor
- Lobelia volcanica T.J.Ayers
W
sunting- Lobelia wahiawa Lammers
- Lobelia walkeri (C.B.Clarke) W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes
- Lobelia welwitschii Engl. & Diels
- Lobelia wilmsiana Diels
- Lobelia winfridae Diels [c]
- Lobelia wollastonii Baker f.
X
sunting- Lobelia xalapensis Kunth
- Lobelia xongorolana E.Wimm.
Y
sunting- Lobelia yucatana E.Wimm.
- Lobelia yuccoides Hillebr.
Z
sunting- Lobelia zelayensis Wilbur
- Lobelia zeylanica L.
- Lobelia zwartkopensis E.Wimm.
Referensi
sunting- ^ "Genus: Lobelia L." Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 1999-01-27. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2010-05-29. Diakses tanggal 2011-02-03.
- ^ Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ^ "Lobelia". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2019-12-20.
- ^ "Lobelia". Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Diakses tanggal 2016-01-21.
- ^ Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607
- ^ Lobelia. USDA PLANTS.
- ^ Lammers, Thomas (2011). "Revision of the Infrageneric Classification of Lobelia L. (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae)". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 98: 37–62. doi:10.3417/2007150. S2CID 84676862.
- ^ Huxley, A., ed. (1992). New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. Macmillan ISBN 0-333-47494-5.
- ^ Wiart, Christophe (2020-10-20). Medicinal Plants in Asia and Pacific for Parasitic Infections: Botany, Ethnopharmacology, Molecular Basis, and Future Prospect (dalam bahasa Inggris). Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-816812-7.
- ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tanda
<ref>tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernamaRHSAZ - ^ Bergner P. (1998). "Lobelia toxicity: A literature review". Medical Herbalism. 10 (1–2): 15–34.
- ^ Lobelia, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
- ^ Lobelia, drugs.com
- ^ "Lobelia". Plants of the World Online. Diakses tanggal 9 January 2021.
- ^ "Lobelia browniana". Australian Plant Census. Diakses tanggal 29 January 2022.
- ^ "Lobelia douglasiana". Australian Plant Census. Diakses tanggal 9 January 2021.
- ^ "Lobelia winfridae". Australian Plant Census. Diakses tanggal 11 January 2021.
Kesalahan pengutipan: Ditemukan tanda <ref> untuk kelompok bernama "lower-alpha", tapi tidak ditemukan tanda <references group="lower-alpha"/> yang berkaitan
