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Quinoa, a common pseudocereal
Buckwheat is the most widely consumed pseudocereal. This image shows (left to right) buckwheat seeds, crispbread and buckwheat flakes.

A pseudocereal or pseudograin is one of any non-grasses that are used in much the same way as cereals (true cereals are grasses). Pseudocereal can be further distinguished from other non-cereal staple crops (such as potatoes) by their being processed like a cereal: their seed can be ground into flour and otherwise used as a cereal. Prominent examples of Pseudocereals include amaranth (love-lies-bleeding, red amaranth, Prince-of-Wales-feather), quinoa, and buckwheat.[1] The pseudocereals have a good nutritional profile, with high levels of essential amino acids, essential fatty acids, minerals, and some vitamins. The starch in pseudocereals has small granules and low amylose content (except for buckwheat), which gives it similar properties to waxy-type cereal starches.[2] The functional properties of pseudocereals, such as high viscosity, water-binding capacity, swelling capability, and freeze-thaw stability, are determined by their starch properties and seed morphology. Pseudocereals are gluten-free, and they are used to make 100% gluten-free products, which has increased their popularity. [2]

Common pseudocereals

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Amaranthaceae (amaranth family)

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Fabaceae (pea and bean family)

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Fagales (beech family)

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Lamiaceae (mint and sage family)

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Moraceae (fig and mulberry family)

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Polygonaceae (buckwheat family)

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Production

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This table shows the annual production of some pseudocereals in 1961,[3] 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2013 ranked by 2013 production.[4]

GrainWorldwide production
(millions of metric tons)		Notes
19612010201120122013
Buckwheat2.51.42.32.32.5A pseudocereal in the family Polygonaceae that is used extensively in India during fasts, and in Eurasia and to a minor degree the United States and Brazil. Major uses include various pancakes, groats, and noodle production.
Quinoa0.030.080.080.080.10A pseudocereal in the family Amaranthaceae, traditional to the Andes, but increasingly popular elsewhere.

Other grains that are locally important, but are not included in FAO statistics, include:

References

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  1. ^ "Glossary of Agricultural Production, Programs and Policy". University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 2007-02-14. Retrieved 2006-12-31.
  2. ^ a b Schoenlechner, Bender, Regine, Denisse (2020). "Pseudocereals for Global Food Production". Cereals & Grains Association.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ 1961 is the earliest year for which FAO statistics are available.
  4. ^ "ProdSTAT". FAOSTAT. Retrieved 26 December 2006.
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