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This article is about the manufacturing waste. For the English band, see Swarf (band). For the archaic term for waste oil or grease, see Swarfega.
Various examples of swarf, including a block of compressed swarf

Swarf, also known as chips or by other process-specific names (such as turnings, filings, or shavings), are pieces of metal, wood, or plastic that are the debris or waste resulting from machining, woodworking, or similar subtractive (material-removing) manufacturing processes. Swarf can be small particles (such as the gritty swarf from grinding metal or the sawdust from sawing or sanding wood); long, stringy tendrils (such as the springy chips from turning tough metals, or long shavings from whittling); slag-like waste (such as is produced within pipe during pipefitting work); or stone fragments and dust (as in masonry).[1]

Some of these terms are mass nouns (such as swarf and sawdust) and some of them are count nouns (such as chips, filings, or shavings).

Wood swarf is discussed at sawdust.

Metal swarf

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Main article: Metal swarf
Bright sparks fly as a man grinds a piece of metal
Metal grinding produces grinding swarf.

Chips can be extremely sharp and they can cause serious injuries if not handled correctly. It is not uncommon for chips flying off the cutter to be ejected with great force and to fly several yards.

Due to its high surface area, swarf composed of some reactive metals can be highly flammable. Swarf may also spontaneously combust, especially if the swarf is coated with cutting oil.[2] To extinguish swarf fires, a special fire extinguisher is needed, designed for fighting Class D (metal) fires.

When machining without coolant, swarf is usually very hot and can easily burn the machine operator. Machinists typically wear long pants, eye protection and other personal protective equipment for this reason.

Some engineering materials such as beryllium are hazardous when finely divided and appropriate measures should be taken to prevent exposure.

For ease of transport and handling, swarf may be compressed into bricks. Metal swarf can usually be recycled.

See also

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References

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Look up swarf in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
  1. ^ "The universe is finished; the copestone is on, and the chips were carted off a million years ago." —Ishmael, in Moby-Dick, by Herman Melville.
  2. ^ "Scrap Metal" (PDF). UK P&I Club. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 January 2019. Retrieved 10 January 2019.

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Metal swarf

Metal swarf, also known as chips or by other process-specific names (such as turnings, filings, or shavings), are pieces of metal that are the debris

Sellafield

storage. The Magnox Swarf Storage Silo is a large building on the Sellafield Site which contains intermediate level fuel cladding swarf waste arising from

Wheel speed sensor

special problem: the circulating air that keeps the motors cool carries swarf abraded from the wheels and rails. This collects on the heads of magnetic

Sharpening stone

whetstones are used with a cutting fluid to enhance sharpening and carry away swarf. Those used with water for this purpose are often called water stones or

Swarf (band)

Swarf were an English electronic band from Brighton, Sussex, England. The lineup was Liz Green (vocals and lyrics), Andrew Stock (synths, programming)

Honing oil

used on a sharpening stone to protect the stone, carry away the debris (swarf), and to more efficiently produce a keen edge on a metal blade such as a

Scrap

Turnings – Remains of drilling or shaping steels. Also known as "borings" or "swarf" Manganese steel – Non-magnetic, hardened steel used in the mining industry

Drilling

This forces the cutting edge against the work-piece, cutting off chips (swarf) from the hole as it is drilled. In rock drilling, the hole is usually not