Sign referring to Normal-Null

Normalnull ("standard zero") or Normal-Null (short N. N. or NN) is an outdated official vertical datum used in Germany. Elevations using this reference system were to be marked Meter über Normal-Null (“meters above standard zero”). Normalnull has been replaced by Normalhöhennull (NHN).

History

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In 1878 reference heights were taken from the Amsterdam Ordnance Datum and transferred to the New Berlin Observatory in order to define the Normalhöhenpunkt 1879. Normalnull has been defined as a level going through an imaginary point 37.000 m below Normalhöhenpunkt 1879. When the New Berlin Observatory was demolished in 1912 the reference point was moved east to the village of Hoppegarten (now part of the town of Müncheberg, Brandenburg, Germany).[1]

References

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  1. ^ S. German: Was ist "Normal-Null"?. In: Physikalische Blätter 1958, vol 14, issue 2, p. 62–66 ISSN 1521-3722 doi:10.1002/phbl.19580140203
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52°30′12″N 13°23′35″E / 52.5034°N 13.3930°E / 52.5034; 13.3930

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List of mountain and hill ranges in Germany

mountain in the range together with its height above sea level (taken as Normalnull (NN)) and the state in which its highest elevation is located. If the

NN

interconnected nerve cells or a machine-learning model inspired by one Normalnull, a German height reference system preceding Normalhöhennull (NHN) nn,

Amsterdam Ordnance Datum

the Netherlands, its height was used by Prussia in 1879 for defining Normalnull, and in 1955 by other European countries. In the 1990s, it was used as

Sea level

quasigeoid or mean sea level Normalhöhennull – Vertical datum used in Germany Normalnull – Outdated official vertical datum used in Germany North West Shelf Operational

Normalhöhennull

above NHN or m (NHN). The NHN was introduced because for heights above Normalnull the actual gravitational field of the Earth was not taken into account

Lichtenstein, Baden-Württemberg

sea level ranges from 466 meters (1,529 ft) to 836 meters (2,743 ft) Normalnull. The Greuthau [de], Hohenäcker-Imenberg [de], and Wonhalde-Spielberg [de]

Weißer Stein (Eifel)

vertical reference EGM96 deviates a couple of meters from the German Normalnull and the Belgian TAW, thereby suggesting an altitude of 701 m for the Weißer

Altensteig

level in the municipal area ranges from a high of 747 meters (2,451 ft) Normalnull (NN) to a low of 421 meters (1,381 ft) NN. Portions of the Federally protected