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Tabernanthalog
Clinical data
Other namesTBG; DLX-007; DLX007
Routes of
administration		Oral[1]
Drug classNon-selective serotonin receptor modulator; Non-hallucinogenic serotonin 5-HT2A receptor partial agonist
ATC code
  • None
Identifiers
  • 8-methoxy-3-methyl-2,4,5,6-tetrahydro-1H-azepino[4,5-b]indole
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC14H18N2O
Molar mass230.311ย gยทmolโˆ’1
3D model (JSmol)
  • CN1CCC2=C(CC1)NC3=C2C=CC(=C3)OC
  • InChI=1S/C14H18N2O/c1-16-7-5-12-11-4-3-10(17-2)9-14(11)15-13(12)6-8-16/h3-4,9,15H,5-8H2,1-2H3
  • Key:FNGNYGCPNKZYOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Tabernanthalog (TBG; developmental code name DLX-007) is a non-selective serotonin receptor modulator and putatively non-psychedelic psychoplastogen of the ibogalog group related to the iboga alkaloid tabernanthine but with a simplified chemical structure.[2][3] It was developed by David E. Olson and colleagues at the University of California, Davis.[3] The drug is being developed by Delix Therapeutics as a potential pharmaceutical drug for treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.[1][4] However, as of January 2026, tabernanthalog has still yet to enter clinical trials.[5]

Use and effects

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There have been informal anecdotal reports of the effects of tabernanthalog.[6][7][5][8]

Interactions

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See also: Psychedelic drug ยงย Interactions, and Trip killer ยงย Serotonergic psychedelic antidotes

Pharmacology

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Pharmacodynamics

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Tabernanthalog activities
Target Affinity (Ki, nM)
5-HT1A 39% BI @ 10ย ฮผM
14,600 (EC50Tooltip half-maximal effective concentration)
95% (EmaxTooltip maximal efficacy)
5-HT1B 66% BI @ 10ย ฮผM
34 (EC50)
87% (Emax)
5-HT1D ND (Ki)
2,180 (EC50)
76% (Emax)
5-HT1E ND (Ki)
2,784 (EC50)
117% (Emax)
5-HT1F ND (Ki)
40 (EC50)
64% (Emax)
5-HT2A 4,440 (Ki)
57% BI @ 10ย ฮผM
147โ€“4,570 (EC50)
8โ€“91% (Emax)
5-HT2B 439 (Ki)
86% BI @ 10ย ฮผM
2,827 or IA (EC50)
46% or IA (Emax)
5-HT2C 28,590 (Ki)
99% BI @ 10ย ฮผM
13โ€“69 (EC50)
21โ€“99% (Emax)
5-HT3 14% BI @ 10ย ฮผM
5-HT4 ND (Ki)
>10,000 (EC50)
5-HT5A ND (Ki)
>10,000 (EC50)
5-HT6 ND (Ki)
132โ€“214 (EC50)
88โ€“133% (Emax)
5-HT7 ND (Ki)
>10,000 (EC50)
ฮฑ1Aโ€“ฮฑ1D 15โ€“20% BI @ 10ย ฮผM
ฮฑ2A 81% BI @ 10ย ฮผM
ฮฑ2B 27% BI @ 10ย ฮผM
ฮฑ2C ND
ฮฒ1โ€“ฮฒ2 9% BI @ 10ย ฮผM
D1, D2 3โ€“18% BI @ 10ย ฮผM
D3โ€“D5 ND
H1 35% BI @ 10ย ฮผM
H2 โ€“12% BI @ 10ย ฮผM
H3, H4 ND
M1โ€“M4 2โ€“18% BI @ 10ย ฮผM
M5 ND
nAChTooltip Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor 16โ€“19% BI @ 10ย ฮผM
I1, I2 ND
ฯƒ1, ฯƒ2 ND
MORTooltip ฮผ-Opioid receptor 17% BI @ 10ย ฮผM
IA (EC50)
DORTooltip ฮด-Opioid receptor 14% BI @ 10ย ฮผM
IA (EC50)
KORTooltip ฮบ-Opioid receptor 7% BI @ 10ย ฮผM
>10,000 (EC50)
NMDARTooltip N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor 0โ€“3% BI @ 10ย ฮผM (rat)
TAAR1Tooltip Trace amine-associated receptor 1 ND
SERTTooltip Serotonin transporter 88% BI @ 10ย ฮผM
600 (IC50Tooltip half-maximal inhibitory concentration)
NETTooltip Norepinephrine transporter ND (Ki)
5,400 (IC50)
DATTooltip Dopamine transporter ND (Ki)
65,000 (IC50)
VMATTooltip Vesicular monoamine transporter 10% BI @ 10ย ฮผM
MAO-ATooltip Monoamine oxidase A 66% BI @ 10ย ฮผM
15,100 (IC50)
MAO-BTooltip Monoamine oxidase B 16% BI @ 10ย ฮผM
28% FI @ 100ย ฮผM
Notes: The smaller the value, the more avidly the drug binds to the site. All proteins are human unless otherwise specified. Refs: [3][9][2][10][11][12]

Tabernanthalog is a non-selective and non-psychedelic serotonin receptor modulator, including acting as an agonist of the serotonin 5-HT1B, 5-HT1F, 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C, and 5-HT6 receptors and as an agonist or antagonist of the serotonin 5-HT2B receptor.[3][9][11] It also shows significant binding to the serotonin transporter (SERT) (acting as a serotonin reuptake inhibitor), the ฮฑ2A-adrenergic receptor, and monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A).[3] In contrast to iboga alkaloids like ibogaine and noribogaine, tabernanthalog showed negligible interactions with opioid receptors, the NMDA receptor, and certain nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.[3] However, in subsequent research, it weakly inhibited certain nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, as well as, to a much lesser extent, the GABAA receptor.[13] Tabernanthalog was found to be 100-fold less potent at the hERG antitarget compared to ibogaine, and hence is thought to have a much lower potential for cardiotoxicity.[3]

Tabernanthalog did not produce the head-twitch response, a behavioral proxy of psychedelic effects, in rodents, and hence appears to be non-hallucinogenic.[3] However, it was found to promote structural neuroplasticity (i.e., to act as a psychoplastogen), reduce drug-seeking behavior, and produce antidepressant-like effects.[3][14][15][16] It has also been shown that it reduces motivation for heroin and alcohol in rodents.[16]

History

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Tabernanthalog was first described in the scientific literature by David E. Olson and colleagues at the University of California, Davis in January 2021.[3][17]

Society and culture

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Grey market use

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Tabernanthalog has been known to be sold online by research chemical vendors for purposes such as "nootropic" use.[7]

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Canada

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Tabernanthalog is not a controlled substance in Canada.[18]

United States

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Tabernanthalog is not an explicitly controlled substance in the United States.[19]

Research

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Tabernanthalog is under development for the treatment of central nervous system disorders (CNS disorders).[1][20] It is being developed by Delix Therapeutics.[1][20] As of May 2025, no recent development has been reported.[1] It had reached the preclinical research stage of development.[1][20] A phase 1 clinical trial was being planned for the first half of 2023.[1] Delix Therapeutics also partnered with National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) to evaluate tabernanthalog for the treatment of substance-related disorders in December 2021.[1] As of January 2026, tabernanthalog has still yet to enter clinical trials.[5]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h "DLX 7". AdisInsight. 28 May 2025. Retrieved 31 July 2025.
  2. ^ a b Sharp T, Ippolito A (May 2025). "Neuropsychopharmacology of hallucinogenic and non-hallucinogenic 5-HT2A receptor agonists". Br J Pharmacol bph.70050. doi:10.1111/bph.70050. PMIDย 40405723.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Cameron LP, Tombari RJ, Lu J, Pell AJ, Hurley ZQ, Ehinger Y, etย al. (January 2021). "A non-hallucinogenic psychedelic analogue with therapeutic potential". Nature. 589 (7842): 474โ€“479. Bibcode:2021Natur.589..474C. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-3008-z. PMCย 7874389. PMIDย 33299186.
  4. ^ Grace B (6 March 2021). "Can we take the high out of psychedelics?". Wired. Retrieved 12 July 2022.
  5. ^ a b c Martรญnez, Sergio Lรกzaro (27 January 2026). "The Perils of Non-Hallucinogenic Claims: On the Limits of Translatability". OPEN Foundation. Retrieved 1 April 2026.
  6. ^ Love, Shayla (20 October 2024). "Tripping on Nothing". The Atlantic.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  7. ^ a b Hardman, Josh (19 July 2023). "Non-Hallucinogenic Trip Reports: Searching for the Tabernanthalog Tasters". Psychedelic Alpha. Retrieved 14 October 2025.
  8. ^ Juliani, Arthur (30 December 2023). "A Phenomenological Report on the Novel Non-Hallucinogenic Psychedelic Tabernanthalog". Medium. Retrieved 14 October 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  9. ^ a b Arias HR, Micheli L, Rudin D, Bento O, Borsdorf S, Ciampi C, Marin P, Ponimaskin E, Manetti D, Romanelli MN, Ghelardini C, Liechti ME, Di Cesare Mannelli L (August 2024). "Non-hallucinogenic compounds derived from iboga alkaloids alleviate neuropathic and visceral pain in mice through a mechanism involving 5-HT2A receptor activation". Biomed Pharmacother. 177 116867. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116867. hdl:2158/1371514. PMIDย 38889634.
  10. ^ Ippolito A, Vasudevan S, Hurley S, Gilmour G, Westhorpe F, Churchill G, Sharp T (June 2025). "Evidence that 5-HT2A receptor signalling efficacy and not biased agonism differentiates serotonergic psychedelic from non-psychedelic drugs". Br J Pharmacol bph.70109. doi:10.1111/bph.70109. PMIDย 40545270.
  11. ^ a b Arias HR, Rudin D, Luethi D, Valenta J, Leล›niak A, Czartoryska Z, Olejarz-Maciej A, Doroz-Pล‚onka A, Manetti D, De Deurwaerdรจre P, Romanelli MN, Handzlik J, Liechti ME, Chagraoui A (January 2025). "The psychoplastogens ibogaminalog and ibogainalog induce antidepressant-like activity in naรฏve and depressed mice by mechanisms involving 5-HT2A receptor activation and serotonergic transmission". Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 136 111217. doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111217. PMIDย 39662723.
  12. ^ Arias HR, Micheli L, Jensen AA, Galant S, Vandermoere F, Venturi D, Manetti D, Romanelli MN, Ghelardini C, Marin P, Di Cesare Mannelli L (March 2025). "Ibogalogs decrease neuropathic pain in mice through a mechanism involving crosstalk between 5-HT2A and mGlu2 receptors". Biomed Pharmacother. 184 117887. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2025.117887. hdl:2158/1423286. PMIDย 39938347.
  13. ^ Tae HS, Ortells MO, Yousuf A, Xu SQ, Akk G, Adams DJ, Arias HR (May 2024). "Tabernanthalog and ibogainalog inhibit the ฮฑ7 and ฮฑ9ฮฑ10 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors via different mechanisms and with higher potency than the GABAA receptor and CaV2.2 channel". Biochem Pharmacol. 223 116183. doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116183. PMCย 11151864. PMIDย 38580167.
  14. ^ Lu J, Tjia M, Mullen B, Cao B, Lukasiewicz K, Shah-Morales S, etย al. (November 2021). "An analog of psychedelics restores functional neural circuits disrupted by unpredictable stress". Molecular Psychiatry. 26 (11): 6237โ€“6252. doi:10.1038/s41380-021-01159-1. PMCย 8613316. PMIDย 34035476.
  15. ^ Peters J, Olson DE (20 July 2021). "Engineering Safer Psychedelics for Treating Addiction". Neuroscience Insights. 16 26331055211033847. doi:10.1177/26331055211033847. PMCย 8295933. PMIDย 34350400.
  16. ^ a b Heinsbroek JA, Giannotti G, Bonilla J, Olson DE, Peters J (June 2023). "Tabernanthalog Reduces Motivation for Heroin and Alcohol in a Polydrug Use Model". Psychedelic Medicine. 1 (2): 111โ€“119. doi:10.1089/psymed.2023.0009. PMCย 10286262. PMIDย 37360328.
  17. ^ Jaster, Alaina M. (13 January 2021). "Researchers Synthesize Novel Compound, Tabernanthalog, a Non-Hallucinogenic Ibogaine Analog". Psychedelic Science Review. Retrieved 14 October 2025.
  18. ^ "Controlled Drugs and Substances Act". Department of Justice Canada. 5 December 2025. Retrieved 20 January 2026.
  19. ^ Orange Book: List of Controlled Substances and Regulated Chemicals (January 2026) (PDF), United States: U.S. Department of Justice: Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA): Diversion Control Division, January 2026
  20. ^ a b c "Delving into the Latest Updates on DLX-7 with Synapse". Synapse. 7 August 2025. Retrieved 14 October 2025.
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๐Ÿ“š Artikel Terkait di Wikipedia

Ibogaine

development of non-hallucinogenic, non-cardiotoxic analogues like 18-MC and tabernanthalog for therapeutic use. In 2025, Texas allocated $50 million for clinical

Ibogalog

have been limitedly tested in humans, but anecdotal reports concerning tabernanthalog exist. Ibogalogs are known to act as potent serotonin 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C

Azepino(4,5-b)indole

Tabernanthine Noribogaminalog Ibogaminalog Noribogainalog Ibogainalog Tabernanthalog Ibogalog Iboga-type alkaloid Desethylibogamine Substituted ฮฒ-carboline

Serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonist

non-hallucinogenic serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonists such as lisuride, Ariadne, tabernanthalog, and zalsupindole, among others. Psychedelic and non-hallucinogenic

Ibogainalog

relatively weak hallucinogen-like effects compared to 5-MeO-DMT. Conversely, tabernanthalog (TBG), a simplified analogue of tabernanthine and positional isomer

Psychoplastogen

knockout mice. Nonhallucinogenic serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonists, like tabernanthalog and lisuride, have also been found to increase neuroplasticity, and

Dimethyltryptamine

in their chemical structures include ibogalogs like ibogainalog and tabernanthalog; iboga alkaloids like ibogaine and noribogaine; lysergamides like ergine

Ibogaminalog

rodents. Ibogalog Lorcaserin PHA-57378 PNU-22394 PNU-181731 Ibogainalog Tabernanthalog Non-hallucinogenic 5-HT2A receptor agonist US 3529062, Renner U, "Indole